1. Achieving Behavioural Change: awareness buidling, public participation and working with civil society Stanley NyoniThe Natural Step International www.thenaturalstep.org

2. Agenda 1.Sustainability Overview 2.Awareness 3.Participation and Civil sociéty A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA

3. Sustainable Development Overview

5. Total Systems Thinking V: Value is created by satisfying human needs (improving genuine quality of life), in an economically viable way for designers, producers and customers in the supply chain I: Ecological impacts derive from wastes and emissions entering the bio-sphere and physical degradation of eco-systems The strategic ‘single bottom line’ objective is to greatly increase V/I (by ‘Factor X’) ResourcesNeeds Earth’s Crust Bio- Sphere Utilisation “Permanent” Capture Resource Processing Manufacturing Goods & Service Delivery Farming Fishing Mining Wastes and Emissions Recycling V I Materials & Energy Products Service Platforms Quality of life has material foundations

6. Tipping Points - Cause and Effect? Mined materials Man-made substances Physical degradation Social barriers

7. The Biosphere / the earth System Success Strategy Action Tools

9. Slow geological cycles (vulcano eruptions and weathering) Slow geological cycles (sedimentation and mineralization) Open system for energy Sustainability is about the ability of these cycles to run indefinitely Cycles of Nature Closed system for matter 1)Nothing disappears 2)Everything disperse «Photosytesis provides new structure »

10. Slow geological cycles (vulcano eruptions and weathering) Slow geological cycles (sedimentation and mineralization) Sustainability is about the ability of these cycles to run indefinitely Cycles of Nature Copyright © 2007 The Natural Step

12. How do we destroy the system? Persistent compounds foreign to nature Physically inhibit nature’s ability to run cycles Large flows of materials from the Earth’s crust Barriers to people meeting their basic needs worldwide Copyright © 2007 The Natural Step

13. Natural and Human wealth Two real sources of wealth wealth that flows from our use of the earth’s life support systems = natural capital wealth that flows from the use of our hands, brains and spirits = human capital All else - money, machines, institutions - is derived from these two primary sources of wealth.

14. Well-being Basic needs Interdependence Diversity Self-organization Key characteristics of successful societies

15. What are our human needs?

16. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

17. Human needs Subsis- tence Idleness Partici- pation ProtectionAffection Under- standing CreationIdentityFreedom Manfred Max-Neef et al

18. Definable Same in all cultures (but different satisfiers) Not interchangeable Possible to satisfy globally within ecological constraints Difference between needs and wants Human Needs

19. Satisfaction of needs need Satisfier « First objective solution» Side effects - Inhibiting Satisfiers while satisfying one need, may well hinder its satisfaction in the future and/or impede another need from being met at the same time. + Synergic satisfier While satisfying one need, allows for its satisfaction in the future and/or of other needs at the same time Dynamic of change towards Sustainable Societies - Creating global value

20. Classification of needs Destroyers Pseudo-Satisfiers Inhibitors Singular Satisfiers Synergic Satisfiers

21. Copyright © 2004 The Natural Step Human Needs In meeting our needs we shouldn’t undermine the capacity of others to meet their needs now or for future generations.

22. Tipping Points - Cause and Effect? Mined materials Man-made substances Physical degradation Social barriers

23. Source: International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme NOAA U.S. Bureau of the Census Mackenzie et al (2002) Richards (1991), WRI (1990) FAO Global-scale changes that affect functioning of Earth System Much more than climate change Socio-economic as well as biophysical What is Global Change? Vitousek (1994) Reid & Miller (1989)

24. We are in a funnel Declining resources and ecosystem services Increasing demand for resources and ecosystem services Time Copyright © 2007 The Natural Step

25. Source: www.footprintnetwork.org Earth - overshoot day Our Impact

26. Territory size shows the proportion of the worldwide ecological footprint which is made there. Source:www.worldmapper.org Our Consumption Patterns

27. Social issues and Environment Global foot print network. Healthy productive ecosystems are the source of the materials that satisfy human needs. Residents of countries with severe bio-capacity constraints are often among the countries with the largest human development challenges. Linking social &environmental issues

28. Climate change Impact IPCC: Impacts The poorest of the poor in the world – and this includes poor people in prosperous societies – are going to be the worst hit. People who are poor are least able to adapt to climate change.” (Rajendra Pachauri, IPCC) In some African countries, yields from rain-fed agriculture could be reduced by up to 20% by 2020. Climate Change

29. Sustainability Development Global foot print network The challenge. How, given the current situation, do we manage and allocate, today, the Earth’s resources for the survival of a projected global population of 9 to 10 billion people in 2050 – and for their offspring indefinitely? Sustainable development

30. Eco-footprint and HDI

31. System Success Strategy Action Tools TNS Five level model What is success in the system? What is the system we are talking about?

32. How do we destroy the system? Persistent compounds foreign to nature Physically inhibit nature’s ability to run cycles Large flows of materials from the Earth’s crust Barriers to people meeting their basic needs worldwide Copyright © 2007 The Natural Step

33. ...concentrations of substances extracted from the Earth’s crust,...concentrations of substances produced by society,...degradation by physical means,...people are not subject to conditions that systematically undermine their capacity to meet their needs. In a sustainable society, nature is not subject to systematically increasing... and, in that society... System Success Strategy Action Tools 2. Success Copyright © 2007 The Natural Step

34. Strategic Plannig Process Awareness Baseline Creative Solutions Decide on Priorities Present Future Is it a step in the right direction? Is it a flexible platform? Is it a good return on investment? Copyright © 2007 The Natural Step

35. Visioning Exercise A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA 1.Envision a Sustainable township in Kenya where all the basic human needs are met and people live within the 4 system Conditions. Draw a crosse-section of the community highlight important landmarks and infrastructure. 2. What are the major stakeholders you need to involve in order to succeed. 3. What role will Civil society play in a sustianble society?

36. System Customers Community/Region PoliticiansSuppliers General Public Interest Groups Partners Researchers & Universities Media Social Factors For example, lifestyle, values, culture, demography, ethics, trends in media and business Economical factors For example world market prize on raw material, relative prizes, inflation, interest, unemployment Competitors Owners Co-Workers B2 – Determine Stakeholders Political Factors For example political goals, guidelines, laws, taxes, subventions for environment Technical Factors For example R&D, technical systems, standards, patent, environment and health aspects relative prizes Copyright © 2007 The Natural Step

37. Awareness Building Three Prerequisites Working with the mindsets Empowerement Knowledge A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA

38. Awareness Building A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA

39. Awareness Building A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA Yes +Yes- No-No+

40. Awareness Building A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA Yes +Yes- No-No+

41. Awareness building A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA NO+ CONTENTMENT Adjustment. My present situation feels good enough as it is. Relaxed, effortless self-control. Attention focused on the here & now, no marked self-reflection. in the sense of not special. Being there.

42. Awareness A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA NO-- DENIAL Pseudo-adjustment. -Maintaining status quo. -Life feels empty No clear feelings -Irritation. -focused on complying with the rules

43. Awareness A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA YES- CONFUSION Maladjustment. Something is or feels wrong here & now -Yes/No conflicts - A sense of unreality. -start to look for answers

44. Awareness A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA -Creative change. -Integration. A sense of »getting it all together -I participate and observe that I am participating. -Strong feelings of community. -Self-confidence. -Energy. -Radical ideas, -a desire to make things happen.

45. Theory U Seeing with fresh eyes Sensing from the field Prototyping the new by linking head, heart, hand Crystallizing vision and intention Presencing connecting to Source Downloading past patterns Who is my Self? What is my Work? Performing by operating from the whole VoF VoC VoJ suspending redirecting letting go embodying enacting letting come Open Will Open Heart Open Mind

46. Source: Otto Scharmer 4 Levels of Listening

47. Four Levels of Responding to Change 1. Reacting: quick fixes 3. Reframing: values, beliefs 2. Redesigning: policies 4. Regenerating: sources of commitment and energy Source of energy, inspiration and will Manifest action Thinking Process, structure

48. Enpowerement Indicators: 1.Whether an opportunity to make a choice exists (existence of choice). 2. Whether a person actually uses the opportunity to choose (use of choice). 3. Whether the choice resulted in the desired result (achievement of choice). A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA

49. Degrees of empowerment A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA DomainContributory factorDegree of Empowerment(DOE) Sub-domainmacrointermediarylocal statejusticeAsset Opportunity Structures politicsA OS Service deliveryA OS MarketcreditA OS labor SocietyFamily OS Community A OS

50. Pretty’s typology of participation A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA Passive Participation Participation in Information giving Participation by consultation Participation for material incentive Functional Participation Interactive Participation Self-Mobilisation

51. Civil Society A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA

52. Civil Society approaches A DVANCED I NTERNATIONAL C OURSE I N L OCAL E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT I N U RBAN A REAS 2009 A FRICA 1.Non Profit approach Charitable or philanthropic activities offereing health care, social services, education, culture Volonteering as additional resources 2.Mutual Approach Organised to meet shared needs of members, such as self-help groups, cooperatives Areas of economic importance to members such as housing, banking 3.Movement approach social movement tradition-civil rights, advocacy and social change 4. The future …closing the gap between corporates & Civil society through social enterprises