1. Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy EPICS Sequencer Kay Kasemir, SNS/ORNL Many slides from Andrew Johnson, APS/ANL Feb. 2013

2. 2Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy 2 IOC Channel Access LAN Sequencer Device Support I/O Hardware IOC Database  Database: Data Flow, mostly periodic processing  Sequencer: State machine, mostly on-demand Optional: Sequencer can actually run as standalone CA-Client CA Client Sequencer

3. 3Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy 3 State Machine 101 State A State B Event Action Transition A to B .. Is in some State  Events trigger transitions  Actions are performed on transition

4. 4Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy 4 Example Start Low vacuum High vacuum pressure < 5.1 uTorr Open the valve, update pumps, … pressure > 4.9 uTorr Close the valve, update pumps, …

5. 5Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy 5 Example State Notation Language state start { when (pressure >.0000051) { RoughPump = 1; pvPut(RoughPump); CryoPump = 0; pvPut(CryoPump); Valve = 0; pvPut(Valve); } state low_vacuum when (pressure <=.0000049) { RoughPump = 0; pvPut(RoughPump); CryoPump = 1; pvPut(CryoPump); Valve = 1; pvPut(Valve); } state high_vacuum } state low_vacuum { …

6. 6Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy How it works State Notation Language C Code C Compiler “SNC” Pre-compiler Object code

7. 7Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Advantage  Compiled code. Fast.  Can call any C(++) code –Use #define to create macros, …  Easy connection to Channel Access, Records –Compared to custom CA client, device support, …  Skeleton for event-driven State Machine –Handles threading, event handling, …

8. 8Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy 8 When to use the sequencer For sequencing complex events E.g. parking and unparking a telescope mirror Photograph courtesy of the Gemini Telescopes project

9. 9Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy SNL Disadvantage  Limited runtime debugging –See current state, values of variables.  Can call any C(++) code –and shoot yourself in the foot  Pre-compiler. SNL error  SNC creates nonsense C code  Totally cryptic C compiler messages  Statistically, 95% of all SNL code 1.Starts out easy 2.Evolves 3.Ends up like this Thom Holwerda, http://www.osnews.com/comics

10. 10Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy 10 Should I Use the Sequencer? START CAN I DO THIS IN A DB? Y N Y N USE THE SEQUENCER USE A DATABASE END

11. 11Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy If you really want to use SNL  Read the manual http://www-csr.bessy.de/control/SoftDist/sequencer/  Implement in small steps –Code a little –Compile, test –Code a little more –Compile, test

12. 12Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Walk through the SNL from makeBaseApp –t example

13. 13Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Structure program SomeName /* Variables */ /* State Sets */

14. 14Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Variables double pressure; assign pressure to "Tank1Coupler1PressureRB"; monitor pressure; short RoughPump; assign RoughPump to "Tank1Coupler1RoughPump"; String CurrentState; assign CurrentState to "Tank1Coupler1VacuumState";

15. 15Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy State Sets ss coupler_control { state first{ when (pressure >.0000051){ } state low_vacuum when (pressure <=.0000049){ } state high_vacuum } state high_vacuum{ when (pressure >.0000051){ } state low_vacuum } state low_vacuum{ when (pressure <=.0000049){ } state high_vacuum when (delay(600.0)){ } state fault } state fault { }

16. 16Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Events Variables used in events should be ‘monitor’ed! when (pressure >.0000051) { /* Actions … */ } state low_vacuum when (pressure 7) { } state high_vacuum This is not a wait(10 seconds)! It means: After entering the state, if none of the other when(..) events occur within 10 seconds, do this: when (delay(10.0)) { } state timeout

17. 17Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Actions when (pressure >.0000051) { /* Set variable, then write to associated PV */ RoughPump = 1; pvPut(RoughPump); /* Can call most other C code */ printf("Set pump to %d\n",RoughPump); } state low_vacuum Action statements are almost C code. Above, RoughPump is a state machine variable. The SNL is transformed to printf("Set pump to %d\n", pVar->RoughPump); SNC will add the “pVar->” to all state machine variables that it recognizes. Sometimes it will be necessary to %{ /* Escape C code so that it’s not transformed */ static void some_method_that_I_like_to_define(double x); }%

18. 18Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Sequencer Commands  seq NameOfSequence –Start sequence  seqShow –List all sequences with their ID  seqShow 0x12334 –Detail of seq.  seqChanShow 0x12334 –List variables of seq.  seqChanShow 0x12334, “-” –List variables of seq.  seqStop 0x12334 –Stop a sequence

19. 19Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy How to Document SNL  Use /* Comments */  Manually draw corresponding state diagrams  Maybe try http://ics-web.sns.ornl.gov/kasemir/snl_diagshttp://ics-web.sns.ornl.gov/kasemir/snl_diags

20. 20Managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy Summary Sorry, this was more sermon than tutorial  SNL can be useful  Read the SNL manual, be careful