1. Apply Concepts Pollination is a process that occurs only in seed plants. What process in seedless plants is analogous to pollination
Review Describe how fertilization takes place in a gymnosperm
Classify Make a table with two columns labeled haploid and diploid and assign each of the following structures from the pine life cycle to the appropriate column: Pollen tube, Seed cone, Embryo, Ovule, Seedling

2. Ch 22 Introduction to Plants
22.3 Seed Plants

3. The Importance of Seeds
Adaptations of seeds
Plants reproduce without open water
Transfer of sperm by pollination
Protection of embryos in seeds.

4. Seed Plant embryo and a food supply encased in a protective covering
Living plant within a seed is diploid and represents the sporophyte phase.

5. Male gametophytes and the female gametophytes grow and mature directly within the sporophyte
Gymnosperms
Bear seeds directly on the scales of cones
Angiosperms
Bear seeds in flowers inside a layer of tissue that protects the seed.

6. Pollen Grains Contains entire male gametophyte
Carried to the female reproductive structure by wind or animals
Pollination
Transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structure to the female reproductive structure.

7. Embryo begins to grow under right conditions
Zygote contained within a seed grows into a tiny plant- the sporophyte embryo
Embryo begins to grow under right conditions
Uses nutrients stored in the seed until it can carry out photosynthesis on its own
Seed coat
Surrounds and protects the embryo and keeps the contents of the seed from drying out.

8. Seed cones produce female gametophytes
Female gametophytes develop in two ovules at base of scale.

9. Pollen cones produce pollen grains, which make up the entire male gametophyte stage
One haploid nuclei will divide later to produce two sperm nuclei.

10. Development Inside Seeds
Pollen tube
Structure containing two haploid sperm nuclei.

11. Development Inside Seeds
Pollen grain lands ovule
Splits open and begins to grow a pollen tube
Reaches the female gametophyte
One sperm nucleus disintegrates
Other fertilizes the egg.

12. Fertilization produces a diploid zygote
Grows into an embryo.

13. Seed is an encased embryo that is ready to be scattered by the wind and grow into a plant.

14. Reproduction in conifers occurs in cones from the mature sporophyte plant.