1. USHC-5.2 The United States Advances

2.  During the second half of the nineteenth century the United States emerged as a global industrial power  This transition was caused by:  the abundance of natural resources  government support and protection in the form of tariffs, labor policies, and subsidies  the expansion of international markets associated with industrialization

3.  Appalachian Mountains  Coal  Iron Ore  Western Pennsylvania and the Southwest  Oil  South & Parts of the Northwest  Lumber  Rivers (hydroelectricity) http://www.iarelative.com/mines.htm

4.  Birmingham Alabama  Iron ore  “Pittsburgh of the South”  Overall impact  By having most of the raw goods needed to industrialize, America had an advantage over many other industrializing countries.

5. Cardinal Intermediate

6. If you were in Tennessee, which direction would you have to travel to reach the following states? Use intermediate directions when necessary. Indiana Alabama North Carolina Maryland Texas

7. If you were in Tennessee, which direction would you have to travel to reach the following states? Use intermediate directions when necessary. Indiana-North Alabama-South North Carolina-East Maryland-Northeast Texas-Southwest

8.  When the Civil War ended, the Senate was under the control of Northern representation that pushed through regional interests such as:  High Tariffs  Weak Regulations of Business  Grants and Subsidies  Due to these kinds of political advantages, U.S. businesses bypassed many of the problems some foreign competitors faced.

9.  High Tariffs served duel purposes  Helped to pay off the large national debts created during the Civil War.  Encouraged U.S. citizens to purchase domestically made goods instead of imports. http://econ161.berkeley.edu/econ_articles/mytalkonlatenineteenthcent.html

10.  Weak Regulations of Business  Businesses were allowed to impose harsh and dangerous working conditions on their labor force which received low wages. Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire 146 died because the exit doors were locked  12 hour days, 6 days a week  Limited chance for advancement

11.  Weak Regulations of Business (Cont)  Child Labor as young as 5 years old Kept children from getting an education forcing them to stay in the unskilled labor force as adults  Environmental and product safety standards were rarely even addressed. Weak Regulations of Business

12.  Government Grant and subsidies  Government gave resources and funds to private businesses with the intention of improving the economy and infrastructure (Corruption occurs)  Farmers began to get subsidies from government to help get them out of debt.  Land Grants for Railroads

13.  New inventions gave American businesses a monopoly on certain goods.  New methods of production such as the assembly line, cut the cost of manufacturing, which resulted in cheaper goods that were sold abroad.

14.  1.Which of the following was NOT a natural resource that proved important for US industrialization? A. coal B. iron ore C. steel D. oil