1. Robots in Medicine Robots in Medicine CPIS 428 Supervision: Dr. Fatema Ba-Othman Dr. Fatema Ba-Othman

2. Table of Content: introduction Description The types of medical robots Advantages Issues and concerns Policy and regulation

3. Introduction: Medical robots: Medical robots Medical robots are robots that allow surgeons greater access to areas under operation using more precise and less invasive methods.

4. Description (cont) : There are different types of robotics that are in use today in the medical profession. These devices “robotics”are intended for: Diagnosis, prevention, monitoring, treatment or alleviation of disease or injury Investigation, replacement, modification, or support of the anatomy or of a physiological process Disinfection of medical devicesDisinfection of medical devices Providing information for medical or diagnostic purposesProviding information for medical or diagnostic purposes

5. The types of robots in medicine fields: Surgical RoboticsSurgical Robotics Surgical Robotics assists the surgeons in the surgical procedures. These devices are a great asset because they allow the doctors to perform major surgeries that are less invasive than the old traditional methods Surgical Robotics assists the surgeons in the surgical procedures. These devices are a great asset because they allow the doctors to perform major surgeries that are less invasive than the old traditional methods

6. The types of robots in medicine fields (cont) : Rehabilitation RoboticsRehabilitation Robotics Rehabilitation Robots assist the patients in their recovery process. The older methods had forced the patient to perform the recovery at their own pace.

7. The types of robots in medicine fields (cont) : Training RoboticsTraining Robotics Training Robotics can assist in in the training of medical surgical procedures. This will assist the surgeon in the training of how to use the robot in an actual operation scenario.

8. Advantages of robots in medicine: Prevents medication errors Works 24-hours a day Robots are more precise and consistent than the human can be utilized for complex surgeries and can reach where the human hands

9. Issues and concerns There are not only security concerns that need addressing with the use of robots and medical devices in the medical field, but there are also: There are not only security concerns that need addressing with the use of robots and medical devices in the medical field, but there are also: vulnerability concerns vulnerability concerns Ethical concernsEthical concerns Legal concern sLegal concern s

10. Issues and concerns (cont): vulnerability concernsvulnerability concerns old programming code, code that is not precise in its methods.old programming code, code that is not precise in its methods. the flaws in programming that allow for code injection. When vulnerability exists they allow for the system to be exploited by potential hackers and malicious code.

11. Issues and concerns (cont): Ethical concernsEthical concerns This type deal with how it is viewed by the public. Not everyone has the exact same ethical beliefs, so it can become challenge. This holds even more truth when a new technology is created for use in the medical field. This belief also holds true when it comes to the testing on humans as well.

12. Issues and concerns (cont): Ethical concernsEthical concerns Some other ethical concerns viewed by the public are that the patient may feel that they are not being treated properly. The patient may begin to feel is that they may be under attack from the robots.

13. Issues and concerns (cont): Legal concernsLegal concerns this concern is when the technology has been introduced into the field, and the technology has generated a health concern that may cause lawsuit against manufacturer or operators. A concern that could also come up during the use of a robot is if the operator does not have the proper training to perform the operation.

14. Issues and concerns (cont): Legal concernsLegal concerns The operator should then not use the robot, because they have not been properly trained and may do further injury to the patient. This incident could cause a lawsuit even if the operation was a success, because if the patient found out about the lack of training.

15. Policy and regulation Device Market Device safety, performance and quality conformance with global standards Placing-on-Market device registration

16. Policy and regulation Adoption and Selection Local human factors (incl. skilled operators)/ environmental factors Cost effectiveness/ benefit Analysis Local cultural, political, equity considerations Impact on healthcare budgets Alternative care, preventive measures

17. Policy and regulation Utilization and Disposal Safe, appropriate and effective Use Performance monitoring, problem identification and resolution Essential elements of good management practice (including user training, device performance monitoring, maintenance and disposal)

18. Done by:Done by: Ghadeer Zaeem 0932818Ghadeer Zaeem 0932818 Noura Saeed 1034610Noura Saeed 1034610 Malak Ali 1132521Malak Ali 1132521 Khadija Wasel 1132557Khadija Wasel 1132557

19. TaskStudent advantages& Types of robots advantages& Types of robots Ghadeer Hasan zaeem Issues and concerns Noura Saeed Omar Introduction and description Malak Ali saeed Policy and regulation Khadeeja Alsoulmi

20. References: A.Beasley, “Medical Robots: Current Systems and Research Directions” http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jr/2012/401613/http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jr/2012/401613/ “Robots in medicine” http://www.used-robots.com/education/hospital-robots “Robotic surgery- advantages and disadvantages” http://www.futuretechnology500.com/index.php/future- medical-technology/robotic-surgery-advantages-and- disadvantages/ R.Rabin, “New Concerns on Robotic Surgeries” http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/09/09/new-concerns-on- robotic- surgeries/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_php=true&_type=blogs &_ r=1http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/09/09/new-concerns-on- robotic- surgeries/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_php=true&_type=blogs &_ r=1