1. Please go get your interactive notebook. Laptops NOT needed today. Look at this!

2. Lap top expectations In class every day On desk when I ask you to be on it. Otherwise, safely in bag on the floor. Cannot be on your desk unless we are using it as a class. Use it at your desk and stay with the class – no surfing Charging – before class starts, lap tables Don’t have it? Bookwork.

3. Distillation column at refinery Purpose: to separate crude oil into different products based on length of hydrocarbon chains!

4. Valero refinery on the ship channel – what’s the tradeoff?

6. Why fossil fuels?

7. Because fossil fuels contain hydrocarbons with lots of bonds

8. What fuels are we using the most? Which are sustainable?

9. Houston is an energy city! Energy Corridor – international hub for companies 1/3 of all US oil and gas come through the Houston ship channel 45% of US oil is refined in Houston

10. OK, so how do we get it out of the ground?

11. Interactive Notebook: Conventional Oil production Jan 20

12. Finding the oil 3D seismic imaging is like an ultrasound

13. Drill to the oil, pump it out Primary oil recovery: oil flows into well because of gravity and pressure.

14. Spindletop – Beaumont 1903

15. Secondary recovery: hydrocarbons must be forced out by water (or gases like CO 2 ) to maintain pressure in the system Injection well Production well Horsehead pump

16. Tertiary recovery – a base like soap is added to water to move the last hydrocarbons Base added

17. Interactive Notebook FrackingJan 20

20. The current oil Boom! 2005 – Fracking technology makes more reserves economically viable 2011 – current boom explodes with fracking US crude output expected to crest around 9.5 million barrels per day in 2016, then begin to decline in 2020. (7.5 million barrels/day projected through 2040)

22. Quick check – put the following steps in order! A. Shale rock fractures releasing petrochemicals B. Borehole drilled vertically past water table C. Natural gas and petroleum rises through well back to surface and is collected in tanks. D. Propants keep fractures open and gas flowing E. Fracking fluids sent down well under pressure F. Horizontal drilling through shale layer Check it! B, F, E, A, D, C

23. Check for understanding! How does the chemistry of fossil fuels make them great sources of energy? What technology is used to find oil underground? What is the difference between drilling and pumping oil? What is the difference between primary, secondary and tertiary oil production? Why does fracking use so much water? Which is done in H-town: oil production or refining?

24. Quiz next class! Objectives #1-10 Study!