1. From World War I to World War II SOL: VUS.9b -12

2. U.S. involvement in World War I (VUS.9b)

3. After the War Wilson wrote the F ourteen Points to eliminate c auses of war, but France and Britain insisted on p unishing Germany. The T reaty of V ersailles resulted in the creation of new n ations in Europe and also included a L eague of N ations, but the US Senate r efused to approve it.

4. The 1920s (VUS.10a) = Changes led to Conflict Popular Culture (r adio, j azz, m ovies, and magazines) reflected the p rosperity of the 1920s Conflict = t raditional vs. m odern values S copes Trial: Religion v. Science F lappers : traditional v. modern roles for women Rise of KKK : open immigration v. nativism P rohibition : speakeasies v. respect for law

5. Great Depression (VUS.b,c) Causes of Depression O verspeculation in the stock market Using b orrowed money to buy stock H awley S moot Tariff and other high tariffs Failure of the F ederal R eserve System

6. Impact of Depression U nemployment (25%) and h omelessness b ank closings L abor u nions became more violent Farm f oreclosures and m igration

7. New Deal Made the g overnment more active in e conomy Roosevelt: “We have nothing to f ear, but f ear itself.” Relief – help p eople directly (WPA). Recovery -- bring nation out of d epression (AAA). Reform – fix unsound banking and investment practices (FDIC). S ocial S ecurity A ct offered safeguards for workers.

8. World War II Allies (F rance, G reat B ritain & the S oviet U nion ) vs. Axis (J apan, G ermany & I taly )

9. War in Europe Germany and the Soviet Union invaded Poland (1939); US was neutral Germany Over-ran France Bombed Britain (“Battle of Britain”) Invaded Soviet Union (1941)

10. US Involvement US helped Britain by Trading bases for destroyers Lend-Lease Act (“like a garden h ose !”)

11. War in Asia Japan invaded Manchuria and China (1930s) US imposed an embargo on the sale of oil and steel to Japan Japan bombed Pearl Harbor (12/7/1941) FDR said “a d ate which will live in i nfamy ” US declared war on Japan Germany & Japan declared war on US

12. Strategy in Europe Allied Strategy = Defeat Hitler 1 st Axis Strategy = win q uickly before US can enter war Prisoners of War treated according to Geneva Convention

13. Turning Point Battles El Alamein – blocked Axis from Middle East oil Stalingrad – blocked Axis from Soviet oil Normandy – began liberation of Western Europe

14. Strategy in Pacific Allied Strategy = island hopping; submarine warfare Axis Strategy = invade Philippines & Indonesia, head for A ustralia & H awaii ; hoped US would accept dominance Prisoners of War treated badly ( Bataan Death March )

15. Turning Point Battles: Midway – “ Miracle ”, destroyed Japanese navy Iwo Jima & Okinawa – close to Japan, high casualties Hiroshima & Nagasaki – use of atomic bomb

16. Minority Involvement War in Europe Tuskegee Airmen (A frican American) Nisei Regiments (J apanese Americans) Mexican American soldiers not segregated War in Asia Navajo Code-talkers

17. Holocaust Genocide: systematic and purposeful destruction of a racial, political, religious or cultural group Final Solution: Germany’s decision to exterminate all Jews ; also affected Poles, Slavs, Gypsies, and undesirables

18. Resulted in N uremberg Trials – held Nazi leaders individually r esponsible for actions committed during war Increased demand for a J ewish homeland

19. World War II at Home Government and industry worked together; businesses changed to wartime production Rationing, war bonds, income taxes and Selective Service (Draft)

20. New Roles Women: served in non-combat roles in the military, worked in industry ( Rosie the Riveter )

21. New Roles African Americans: migrated to cities for jobs in war plants, Double-V Campaign

22. New Roles Japanese Americans: sent to internment camps because of prejudice and fear of spies ; Supreme Court upheld the internments

23. Media and Communications Government censored war reporting Entertainment Industry (movies and plays) supported the war effort