1. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Creating the conditions for prosocial behaviors Helping children learn to get along with peers and adults Presented by Seena M. Skelton Ph.D. School Psychologist

2. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Agenda Introductions Review of what we know about behavior Tiers of supports Universal, Target, and Intensive Supports Wrap up

3. SMS Consultation 659-5472 What we know about behavior Behavior is a response to the environment Behavior is affected by physical or emotional state Behavior is influenced by factors inside and outside the immediate context We use behavior to meet a need or want. Behavior changes as people learn and apply new skills

4. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Academic SystemsBehavioral Systems 1-5% 5-10% 80-90% Designing School-Wide Systems for Student Success Targeted Group Interventions Intensive, Individual Interventions Universal Interventions Targeted Group Interventions Intensive, Individual Interventions

5. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Belonging Independence Mastery Generosity Circle of Courage Reclaiming Youth at Risk, National Educational Services, Bloomington, Indiana

6. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Belonging We define belonging as: The universal human longing for love is nurtured by relationships of trust with significant persons in our lives. (“I am loved.”) Mastery We define mastery as: Our inborn thirst for learning is nurtured as we gain understanding and competence in coping with the world. (“I am good at something.”) Independence We define independence as: Our desired to exercise free will is nurtured by increasing responsibility. (“I have the power to make decisions.”) Generosity We define generosity as: Our passion for life is nurtured by concern for others and commitment beyond one’s self. (“I have a purpose for my life.”) Four Principle Needs: The Psychology of Empowerment

7. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Universal Supports Connect _____________ Clear _______________ Consistent ___________ Culturally Responsive_______

8. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Starting with a rich learning environment Organized learning space Age appropriate materials Sufficient materials for children to use Established rules and routines Predictable and signaled transitions Positive adult-child interactions Appropriate acknowledgement for appropriate behavior

9. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Embedding social skills instruction in daily activities Books/Stories Practice through play Role play Directly teaching social skills

10. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Teaching Social Skills Tell Them How Show Them How Have Them Practice Give Them Feedback Encourage and acknowledge the Skill Frequently

11. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Target Supports When typical social skills instruction isn’t enough More explicit More frequent

12. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Intensive supports When typical and target supports don’t work Need individualized support plans Team planning is required

13. SMS Consultation 659-5472 A Good Detective Asks the right questions Questions the right people Examines all aspects of the situation Use appropriate tools for gathering information Based on the information gathered draws a hypothesis

14. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Five Important Questions to Ask What is the problem? Why is the problem occurring? What is do we want to see happening and by when? What are we going to do to teach or help the child demonstrate the new behavior? Did our plan work?

15. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Use the right tools for gathering information Observations Interviews Charts/graphs Keeping Records

16. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Ecological Assessment Child Instruction & Curriculum Environment

17. SMS Consultation 659-5472 ABC Analysis Antecedent Behavior Consequence Behavior Before After Setting Events Ecological Observation

18. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Determining the Communicative Intent of Behavior (Function) Control Attention Avoidance Abuse Neglect ADHD Siblings PDD

19. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Main Points Creating the right conditions is essential Determining the function of behavior is key to intervening

20. SMS Consultation 659-5472 Main Points Asking the right questions will lead to the appropriate answers Examine all aspects of a child’s learning: the child, the curriculum, & the environment Write down your plan