1. The mixing of Indo-European Aryans with native Dravidian Indians
India part II bce
The mixing of Indo-European Aryans with native Dravidian Indians

2. Indo-Europeans (Aryans)
Central Asian tribes
Nomadic people
Great warriors
Domesticated the horse
Early iron workers

3. Aryan (Indo European) Migration 1800BCE from Turkinistan through Kyber pass to India

4. Kyber Pass
Only land route between middle east and India for trade and invasion
Still important today – India and Pakistan both trying to control it

6. Aryan Political System
Ruled by a king and local rulers
Many City states
Brought Horses and advanced weapons to India (conquered India)
duty of the king was the protection of his subjects, property, defense and maintenance of peace
culture spreads from the Indus to the Ganges River
Spoke Sanskrit

7. Economy – Iron Age begins
Small self-sufficient agricultural communities
Iron Technology used for
farm tools
increased food production (rice)
Weapons
Barter system common

8. Religion Indian gods continue to be worshipped
Aryans bring new gods and Scriptures called Vedas
Combine to create Hinduism

9. Ayran/Hindu Social Structure
Social Structure used by Aryans to control native Indians since warriors and priests are top
Brahmins – warriors, priests
Kshatriyas – rulers, warriors
Vaishyas – farmers, merchants, artisans
Sudras – laborers
Dalits (untouchables) – unpleasant, polluted jobs; not directly owned by others.
Strict segregation among castes.
All based on the tribal concept of the Ayrans that people are NOT equal
Done

10. Aryan/Vedic Civilization 1500-500BCE
Hindu Vedic Philosophy
oldest written texts in India
Veda means “Knowledge” in Sanskrit.
Vedas inform and guide Hindus like the Bible guides Christians and the Koran guides Muslims

11. Upanishads: literally means sitting in front of
later Hindu Vedas (often poetic) that teach the metaphysical foundations of the Hindu faith
Hare (ha-ray) Krishna’s war poem is the most important of the Upanishads

12. The Ancient Vedic Hymns
Rig Veda - Knowledge of Hymns, almost 11,000 verses
“There is only one truth, only men describe it in different ways.“
Ayur Veda - Knowledge of Medicine, over 100,000 verses
Yajur Veda - Knowledge of Liturgy, 3,988 verses
Sama Veda - Knowledge of Classical Music, 1,549 verses
Upanishads
Jyotisha – Astrology and Astronomy.
Kalpa – Rituals and Legal matters.
Siksha – Phonetics.
Aitareya – Creation of the Universe, Man and Evolution.
Kama Sutra - Knowledge of Love and Sex
Chandogya – Reincarnation, Soul.
Kaushitaki – Karma.
Kena – Austerity, Work, and Restraint.
Dharnur Veda – Science of Archery and War.
Mundaka – Discipline, Faith and warning of Ignorance.
Sulba Sutra – Knowledge of Mathematics
Yoga Sutra - Knowledge of Meditation

13. Vedic Age ends with Invasions of Darius and Alexander

14. Alexander