1. Science Review Unit B Lesson 5

2. A consumer that eats both producers and consumers is a(n) ______________ – omnivore Water is an example of an abiotic/biotic factor. – Abiotic A food _________ has energy flowing in one direction, from consumers  producers or producers  consumers – Food chain If both organisms benefit, it is a __________ relationship. – Mutualistic

3. A food web is different from a food chain because it shows ___________________. – All the different directions energy can flow between organisms A __________ is a specific job or role in a community that an organism has. – Niche A consumer that hunts is a ____________. – Predator Any relationship between organisms in an ecosystem is called ____________. – Symbiosis

4. All of the following are abiotic in an ecosystem except… – A). WaterC). Bacteria – B). MineralsD). Soil A vulture is an example of a… – A). PredatorC). Carnivore – B). ScavengerD). All of the above One example of a parasitic plant is… – A). MistletoeC). A fir tree – B). OrchidsD). Seaweed

5. A relationship where one organism is helped, and one organism is neither helped nor harmed is called what? – Commensalism Order this food chain correctly: Butterfly  falcon  sparrow  flower  sun – Sun  Flower  butterfly  sparrow  falcon Name at least 2 examples of decomposers. – Bacteria, fungi, worms, insects

6. Choose which words makes the sentence correct: All the organisms of a species living in the same area make up a COMMUNITY/POPULATION. – Population The level after primary consumers in a food chain is SECONDARY/TERTIARY consumers. – Secondary An organism that is in danger of dying out is called a THREATENED/ENDANGERED species. – Endangered

7. Give an example of a mutualistic relationship. Give an example of a parasitic relationship. Give an example of a commensalistic relationship.

8. Who/what is the seondary consumer in this food chain? – Mouse What role do the mushrooms play in the diagram? – Decompose the dead organisms

9. What happens to the rattlesnake population if the mice population increases? – Rattlesnake pop. will increase If the hawk population decreases, what happens to the grasshoppers? – Grasshopper pop. will increase.

10. Who/what is at the TOP of the food web? – Human, bald eagle, and snake Who/what begins the food web? – phytoplankton

11. Name 2 primary consumers shown in the food web. – Trout, dragonfly, mayfly If the dragonfly population decreases, what happens to the mayfly population? – Also decreases because the mayfly becomes the main source of food for the frogs.

12. Science Review Unit B Lesson 6

13. Part of the soil in the ______ biome is frozen all year round. – Tundra The first species to begin a brand new ecosystem is called a ________ __________. – Pioneer species Sleet and snow are examples of ___________. – Precipitation

14. A ________ _________ is when your ecosystem has balanced; nothing new comes in, nothing leaves. – Climax community A deciduous forest is characterized by _____________________________________. – Falling leaves; 4 seasons When water is moved from the ground to the atmosphere, the process is called _________. – Evaporation Name at least 2 sources of carbon. – Car exhaust, natural oil, plants, decaying matter

15. If a biome is hot all year round, experiences a ton of rainfall, and has the greatest diversity of plants and animals, you would be in the ___________________. – Tropical Rainforest If a biome has very cold winters, cool summers, a ton of evergreen trees, and animals like the snowshoe hair, lynx, and caribou, you would be in the _____________. – Taiga If a biome is hot all year round, with cool nights, has very little rainfall, and few animals are able to survive its conditions, you would be in the ________________. – Desert

16. What is the main difference between the water ecosystems on earth? – Saltiness What is the term for the gradual replacement of one community by a different community? – Ecological succession If a community is starting completely anew, but is building off a community that is already there, what kind of succession is it? – Secondary succession If a community is starting completely anew, without any organisms already there, what kind of succession is it? – Primary succession

17. Plant absorb nitrogen from the: – A). SoilC). Sun – B). AtmosphereD). Insects The bacteria that put nitrogen into the atmosphere are called… – A). Nitrogen FixingC). Nitrogen-eating – B). DenitrifyingD). None of the above Nitrogen is needed to make _______, which we then turn into _________. – A). Nitrates; Minerals – B). Nitrites; Protein – C). Nitrates; Vitamins – D). Nitrites; Minerals

18. How do plants use carbon? – Photosynthesis

19. How do plants help humans in the carbon cycle? – They use carbon for energy, and give off oxygen.

20. Why do plants need nitrogen? – Plants (and humans) need it to make proteins Name at least 2 things humans have on/in our bodies to make proteins. – Muscles, nerves, skin, bones, blood, and digestive juices. Why do plants need bacteria to help them get nitrogen? – The nitrogen in the air is unusable for plants and humans **DOUBLE POINTS** Air is made up of what percent nitrogen? – 78%