1. 19.03.2013 Brussels Veikko Saksi FINLAND

2. Undersigning of Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact 23.08.1939

5. The Soviet Partners During the Winter War, SU was political, military and economic partner of Germany During the Continuation War, SU was political, military and economic partner of the USA and GB

6. The three Big Partners

7. The Soviet Attacks SU broke broke several int’l laws: Haag conventions, Kellogg-Briand Pact, Anti- War Treaty SU broke mutual agreements: Tartu Peace Treaty 1920, Soviet-Finnish Non- Aggression Pact 1932 (and 1934)

8. Results of the attacks SU attacked Finland in 1939 and 1941 90,000 dead 250,000 wounded 45,000 km 2 territorial loss (13.3 %) Totally 800,000 evacuated (of 3.5M), some 3 times

9. The Ceded Territories

10. Use of violence SU occupied 1/3 of the territory that it took in the Paris Peace Treaty A violent agreement: a party uses or threats to use violence Finland was not capitulated

11. Internal evacuation People from Karelia, Pechenga and other ceded territories were internally evacuated in different parts of Finland This was a huge task but it possibly later saved Finland

13. This is not deportation, but evacuation of Finnish people by train

16. Evacuation of children About 80,000 children were evacuated to Sweden, Norway, Denmark 20,000 of these children were “lost” About 30,000 war widows

18. Economic figures Finland was to cover expenses of the wars started by the Soviet Union: War remedies (GNP basis) 50 – 60B € Total economic burden of the wars almost 500B € (GNP basis) The US Lend-lease (GNP basis) 2,200B USD

19. Later effect Effects of the Allied Control Commission Soviet effects in political and economic system 62 % of Finns are still Russophobes Causation of Finlandization Causation of current Finnofobia

20. The Control Commission had a great influence in war quilt judgement and politics

22. International security The most important consequence of the Soviet aggressions is the lack of trust Solving of the old totalitarian crimes create more secure future for the total world

24. A better future for our children Thank you for your time!

25. Russian/Soviet crimes