1. + A021: Symbolic Frame

2. + Symbolic Assumptions What is most important is not what happens but what it means Activity and meaning are loosely coupled Events and actions have multiple interpretations as people experience life differently In the face of uncertainty and ambiguity, people create symbols Many events and processes are more important for what is expressed than what is produced Culture forms the super glue that bonds an organization, unites people, and helps an organization accomplish desired ends. 2

3. + Symbolic Forms Myths, Vision and Values Heroes and Heroines Stories and Fairy Tales Rituals Ceremony Metaphor, Humor and Play 3

4. + The role of organizational culture Deal and Kennedy (1982): “The way we do things around here” Culture is both a product and a process 4

5. + Organizational Process as Theater Meetings (“garbage cans”) Planning Evaluation Collective Bargaining Power Managing Impressions 5