1. SCADA/EMS System An Overview

2. PQ V O SS DS DC MW MVAR VOLTAGE TAP POSITION SINGLE STATUS ISOLATOR POSIITION, PROTECTION, LOSS OF VOLTAGE DOUBLE STATUS CIRCUIT BREAKER POSITION DIGITALCONTROL CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTROL F FREQUENCY THE PARAMETERS ARE MONITORED FOR FOLLOWING STATIONS : Substations 220 KV and above 132/110KV AC Interstate Tie lines and in loop of 220 KV transmissions system Generating Station above 50MW capacity. Significant stations identified by constituents PQ DSDC SS VF DS SS O PQ DS PQ PQ SS Q DS VF SS DATA ACQUISITION PRINCIPLE FOR ULDC SCHEME

3. RSCC ARCHITECTURE

4. ` Communication Front-end SCADA/EMS Servers ISR Servers ICCP Servers Development Console Peripheral Equipment WAN Routers ToRTUs To RSCC, Sub-LDCs Remote VDUs Headquarters Operator Consoles (*) Network Management Console Three or four 2-CRT consoles, one 1-CRT consoles and one Operation Scheduling console SLDC ARCHITECTURE Development Server

5. SUB-LDC/CPCC ARCHITECTURE

6. HIM OVERVIEW

7. SYSTEM CO-ORDINATION & CONTROL PROJECT (NORTHERN REGION) J F H H H H H Chandigarh,BBMB DESU Lucknow Panipat(HSEB ) Jutog H Patiala F F F F F Panipat (BBMB) F Dadri (B) Dadri (H) F F Sultanpur F Moradabad F Varanasi F Rishikesh F Bhilwar a F Kota F Ratangar h F Narwana F Hamirpur F Kunihar F Laltonkalan F Jallandhar (P) F Jallandhar (B) F Ganguwal (B) H Heerapura F H Pakistan N e pa l China Jammu & Kashmir Himachal Pradesh Punjab Hary Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan Delhi Gujara t Madhya Pradesh F Bemina J&K SEB 1 SLDC 1 Sub-LDC 13 RTUs PSEB 1 SLDC 2 Sub-LDC 19 RTUs HVPNL 1 SLDC 2 Sub-LDC 40 RTUs RVPN 1 SLDC 3 Sub-LDC 21 RTUs HPSEB 1 SLDC 2 Sub-LDC 16 RTUs BBMB 1 SLDC 4 Sub-LDC 21 RTUs DVB 1 SLDC 4 Sub-LDC 31 RTUs UPPCL 1 SLDC 5 Sub-LDC 82 RTUs RLDC NEW DELHI 38 RTUs CPCC KANPUR 4 RTUs SLDC Sub - LDC H F Gladni Panki ana

8. RTUs SUBLDC DS SLDC ICCP RSCC ICCP RSCC DS SLDC OPERATOR CONSOLE SLDC DS SLDC ICCP SLDC DS RTUs SUBLDC DS RTUs CPCC RTUs CS RTUs REPORTING TO RSCC DATA OF CS & OTHER SLDCs RTUS REPORTING TO SLDC RTUs REPORTING TO RSCC Data flow in ULDC scheme RTUs REPORTING TO SLDC RSCC OPERATOR CONSOLE SLDC OPERATOR CONSOLE

10. PANIPAT MURADNAGAR DADRI - HVDC BALLABGARH BADARPUR OKHLA MALVIYANAGAR MEHRAULI VASANT KUNJ SONEPAT BAWANA PATPARGANJ IP EXT SARITA VIHAR J & K, PUNJAB, BBMB, HPSEB UPSEB J & K, PUNJAB,BBMB,HPSEB MAIN DATA S/B DATA UP SEB MAIN DATA S/B DATA DELHI MAIN DATA S/B DATA NARELA-JHANGIRPURI- GOPALPUR-WAZIRABAD KANJHAWALA NAJAFGARH RSCC A BAMNAULI RAJESTHAN MAIN STD BY

11. CRITICAL STATION AFFECTING COMMUNICATION LINK FROM SLDCs TO RSCC u MOST CRITICAL STATION AFFECTING ALL MAIN & STANDBY DATA OF ALL SLDCs : BADARPUR u SECOND MOST CRITICAL STATION AFFECTING MAIN DATA OF ALL SLDCs : MURADNAGAR-I u : DADRI HVDC u :BALLABGARH u OUTAGE OF PANIPAT & DHULKOTE WILL ALSO AFFECT main and standby of ALL SLDCs EXCEPT UP & RAJASTHAN

12. FREQUENT PROBLEMS OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEM u POWER SUPPLY  LOAD SHEDDING IN RURAL LOCATIONS  HIGH RESTORATION TIME DUE TO UNMANNED REMOTE LOCATIONS. FIBER OPTIC CUTTING ONLY UNDER GROUND CABLES AND APPROACH CABLE. FADING E.g.- 1.Rihand-Singrauli Region ( No Diversity Antena)----Summer 2.Meerut – Muradnagar --------Winter

13. SCADA Support Functions NETWORK SERVICES  NETWORK PRINTING MANAGEMENT.  REMOTE PROCEDURE CALL  REMOTE TERMINAL SESSION  NETWORK TIME SYNC  BACK UP OVER LAN  EMAIL CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT  FACILITY TO ADD & DELETE ADDRESSES AND LINKS, CONTROL DATA BLOCKS AND SET DATA TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION PARAMETERS  MAINTAIN & CONTROLS GRAPHICAL DISPLAY OF NETWORK CONNECTIVITY AND DEVICE STATUS PERFORMANCE MONITORING  MAINTAIN PERFORMANCE, RESOURCE USAGE AND ERROR STATISTICS FOR ALL MANAGED LINKS AND DEVICES.  PROVIDE FACILITIES FOR PATH AND ROUTING CONTROL AND QUEUE SPACE CONTROL FAULT MANAGEMENT  ALARMS FOR ERROR HANDLING.  REMOTE AND LOCAL DIAGNOSTICS

14. SCADA Problems u CFE hanging frequently at many locations resulting into loss of RTU u Frequent failure of Applications resulting into failure of DATA SERVERS. Interruption of data and loss of HIM data. u In HDR different values at the same time point with change of sample rate u In HIM Frequent crashing of Oracle, reset of juke box,long term storage of Data u Reports for MIN,MAX,Avg still not available

15. SCADA Problems (continued) u LAN-B/NETIO problem u Shortcoming in trending functions ( scale, tabular etc.) u Frequent tripping of UPS especially at SUBLDC level. u Non deployment of the trained person at SUBLDC level

16. OPERATION SCHEDULING  Load forecasting  Inflow forecasting  Unit commitment  Hydro scheduling  Hydro Thermal Coordination  Interchange scheduling  Interchange transaction evaluation  Current operating plan  Outage scheduling POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS  Network Topology  State estimation  Contingency analysis  Optimal power flow  Transmission loss sensitivity factors  Post disturbance analysis LOAD GENERATION BALANCE  Operation monitoring  AGC  Economic despatch  Reserve monitoring  Loadshed /Restoration  Production costing EMS SOFTWARE FUNCTIONS

17. EMS PROBLEMS- RESOURCE SCHEDULING & COMMITMENT (RSC) u Scheduling Philosphy 15 minutes block instead of hourly. u Regional and Inter-regional bi-lateral not covered u Desired treatment of Hydro station not provided u Share/Entitlement not provided as per requirement u Unit wise scheduling instead of Plant wise u No provision of Regional and inter-regional losses.

18. EMS NETWORK APPLICATIONS (State Estimation,Contingency Analysis,Security Enhancement) u Non-Availability of Complete Status of CBs and Isolators through Telemetry. u Non-Availability of complete Generator data such as capability curve etc. Database modelled with typical generators.

19. DISPATCHER TRAINING SIMULATOR

20. What is DTS ? The Dispatcher Training Simulator (DTS) is a Group of applications and related displays that Create a training environment. In this environment the Dispatcher can practice routine and emergency Tasks. Dispatcher Training Simulator (DTS)

21. Control centre Applications Power system Dynamic Simulation Instructional Subsystem Dispatcher Training Simulator (DTS) + +  SCADA  EMS  Prime Mover ? and  Relay dynamics ?  Power flow  Event Management  DTS Control

22. Dispatcher Training Simulator (DTS) SCADA  Collect data from the monitored system  Issue Control Commands EMS  Pre despatch functions  Real time despatch functions Generation dispatch Network Analysis

23. DTS -Application Primary use:  Training of Dispatchers for routine and emergency scenario in a controlled and safe off-line manner.  Network split, blackouts  Large voltage or frequency excursions  Engineering tool for operations planning (generation plans, network switching, etc..) and for understanding of power system behavior.

24. DTS -Application  Tuning of EMS applications (Network, Generation etc.)  Test bed for new EMS functions  Validating new databases before upgrading EMS  Factory acceptance tests  Demonstrations DTS – PROBLEM UNABLE TO INITIALISE FROM REAL TIME

25. Critical SERVERS of ULDC WAN. u Data server at SUBLDC u ICCP server at SLDC u ICCP server at RSCC u Data server at RSCC DATA from each control centre is important in the system to get good results of EMS applications.

26. Recent Problem u Data is being interrupted in case of outage of standby Links in spite of availablity of Main links. u E.g Outage of sarita Vihar (07.11.03) and Wazirabad (12.11.03) u Testing was carried out on 11.11.03 by manualy switching of MCB at Sarita Vihar.

28. RTU Reporting Status 1.Total RTUs-366 2. RTUs Integrated-333 3. RTUs Reporting- 275 BEMINA SUBLDC HAVING 8 RTUs NOT INTEGRATED.

29. Pending important Analog points u 1 Gross unit generation data for Badarpur,Singrauli, Unchahar not available. u 2 Unit generation data of Dadri-Gas, Anta,Chamera and Auriya not available. u 3 Few line/ICT flows not available.

30. Pending important Digital points u 1. NTPC- AURIYA, BADARPUR,DADRI-GAS u 2. POWERGRID- SOME POINTS PENDING. u 3. DTL- 50 % PENDING u 4. UPPCL- 30 % PENDING u 5. RVPNL- 20 % PENDING

31. PLCC LINK PROBLEM u 1. EITHER MAIN OR STAND BY LINK FOR AGRA, ALLAHABAD, FARIDABAD –PP, MEERUT, VINDHYACHAL,ABDULLAPUR, MALERKOTLA, NALLAGARH AND SRINAGAR NOT WORKING. u 2. EITHER MAIN OR STANDBY LINK FOR SALAL, BAIRASUIL, CHAMERA, URI, ANTA,AURIYA, UNCHAHAR, NARORA AND RAPP NOT WORKING.