1. Stuart England Religion, Revolution and the birth of the Modern State

2. James I 1603-25 The succession Patronage & Factions Financial difficulties and problems with Parliament Religion: Calvinist ‘predestinarian’

3. Charles I: 1625-40 Religious controversies: Charles an Arminian and his wife, Henrietta Maria a Catholic Fierce believer in ‘divine right’ of Kings Confrontations with Parliament begin 1628 Period of ‘Personal Rule’ Failure in Bishops Wars

4. Charles I (cont.) The Long Parliament: 1640-1 First Civil War 1642- 6 Second Civil War 1647-8 Execution of Charles 1649

5. Oliver Cromwell & the Interregnum Failure of Rump Parliament The Protectorate Why did the Interregnum fail?

6. The Restoration Abdication of Richard Cromwell and restoration of Charles II Charles’ shortcomings The Restoration compromise: beginnings of constitutional monarchy