1. Julius Nyerere 1922-1999 Jacki Griswold and Deysha Hall

2. Contributing Factors  Tanzania was first colonized by the Germans.  The first group to set up an establishment was the German Church Missionary Society.  The people of Tanzania tried to resist becoming a colony.  Once WW1 ends the colony is giving to the British. i. The British rule affects how Nyree views imperialism and lead him to adopt the idea of socialism.  At the end of WW2 Tanzania was placed under the UN and they protested for their independence.  Tanzania gains independence 1961.  1962 Julius Nyree is elected into power

3. Julius Nyrerere  Born April 3, 1922.  His father was the chief of a small tribe called Zanaki.  He started school at 12 and later transferred into a secondary school  The Roman Catholic fathers notice he is very intelligent and begin to help him advance.  Trained as a teacher in Makerere University in Kampala  Taught for three years by the government  Attended Master of Arts University  When he returned from England he was forced to pick between continuing to be a teacher or stick with politics.  He forms The Tanganyika African National Union.

4. Julius Nyerere Rise to Power  He formed the Tanganyika African National Union in 1954.  Then 1958 he entered the legislative council.  1960 he had become the chief minister.  1962 he gets elected president. i.He works his way through the ranks this allows him to gain the peoples trust and large amount of power and support. ii.Due to the lack of government it makes it easy for him to take over.

5. Ideology  He believed that imperialism did not work.He based the belief on how Britain had treated Tanzania as well as the apartheid he saw taking place in South Africa.  “He adopts the ideals of socialism and morphs it into his own interpretation which was the combination of Socialism and African Communal living.”  He believed in equality and all development should be moved to rural ares.

6. Policies  He was a socialist and wanted their to be complete equality  He wanted to have a utopian society.  In order to achieve this he believed in ujamaa which consisted of collective farming and villigization.  He wrote this out in Arusha Declaration  His policy had a few success such as it increased the countries literacy rate.  Untimely his policy had a huge amount of resistance and failed.  Economically the policies failed due to a corrupt government as well as the farming did not bring in as much money as they initially thought it would.  His ideals for governing only brought the country down to being one of the poorest countries in Africa.

7. Achieving A Totalitarian rule.  He detained anyone who opposed his ideology  He created a preventative detention act that allowed him to detain opponents.  He created and education system that spread his ideals on socialism. i.Over all he was not as harsh as other leaders with a totalitarian government. ii.However although he was not as cruel he was still able to strike fear into his people. iii.Many people were scared to trust one another and express your opinion. iv.He was willing to listen to others opinions.

8. Question  In what ways and with what results did Julius Nyerere use the following religion, propaganda,and the arts?

9. Religion  When it came to religion Julius believed that being a socialist meant you had to respect all religions. (academicjournals)  As a result of this belief he would often challenge the church rather than bring church into politics. (academicjournals)  Julius asked the Church to define its social ministry in terms of support for the governments development policies. (academicjournals) “Both the church and state realized that the two were good partners in development such that by the mid- 1960s, church authorities across all denominations had reoriented their social mission to fit in with the development policy and objectives of the state, resulting in a dramatic shift in the conceptualization of the place of the church in society.“ (academicjournals)

10. Religion  Overall religious groups were treated fairly because Nyerere believed that socialism was not anti religious. (academicjournals)  Nyerere opted to challenge the church rather than politics because he could relate the teachings the church used to his policy of ujamaa  He used peoples religious beliefs to his advantage as well as to gain more support.  By telling people they could practice any religion and still be apart of the socialism party it made people more comfortable with his policies.

11. Propaganda  Julius Nyrere did not use much visual propaganda however he did use educational propaganda.  The government would use propaganda in order to persuade the people who lived in poverty to move into collective farming.

12. Propaganda  The people living in poverty did like some factors that the collective farming brought in such as education, food, and, medical care. However, they were not keen on the collective farming.  The government tried to use incentives and put out pictures in order to encourage the people to move into the collective farming.  The collective housing plan supported the idea of family hood and that’s what ujamaa was all about.  The results of propaganda ultimately failed because people did not want to move into the villages and the government had to use force to get people to comply.

13. The Arts  Nyrerere did not approve of soul music  Banned Certain magazines  Prohibited the viewing of videos he did not approve of.  He did not approve of these certain aspects of arts because some were against his political views.  Also, through the arts their could be influence from the west which he was highly against the they way of capitalism so he wanted to prohibited his people from being exposed to it so they would not rebel against him.

14. Works Cited  "Julius Nyerere?s Influence and Legacy: From a Proponent of Familyhood to a Candidate for Sainthood." International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology. Academicjournals, 2011. Web. 03 Jan. 2013.  Rydenfelt, Sven. "Lessons from Socialist Tanzania." : The Freeman : Foundation for Economic Education. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Jan. 2013.  Smith, Mark K. "Julius Nyerere, Lifelong Learning and Informal Education." Julius Nyerere, Lifelong Learning and Informal Education. N.p., 1988. Web. 03 Jan. 2013.