1. AP BIOLOGY BIG IDEA #3 GENETICS AND INFORMATION TRANSFER BIG IDEA #2 CELLULAR PROCESSES CHAPTER 13, 31 (FUNGI), 38 (PLANTS), 46 (ANIMALS) MEIOSIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

2. Basic Sexual Life Cycle

3. Process of Meiosis

4. Questions about meiosis: Which is more like mitosis, meiosis I or II? Explain? When do sister chromatids separate? When do homologous chromosomes line up? How many times does S phase (interphase) occur? How do the cells produced by meiosis compare to the original cells?

5. MEIOSIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION ALLOW FOR INCREASED VARIATION IN OFFSPRING: INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT OF CHROMOSOMES CROSSING OVER RANDOM FERTILIZATION

6. INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT OF CHROMOSOMES

7. CROSSING OVER

8. RANDOM FERTILIZATION

9. Animals and plants have evolved structures to aid in sexual reproduction: Animals: Reproductive systems & associated hormonal control. Plants: Flowers Investigation Question #1: How do plants avoid self-reproduction?

10. Mechanisms for avoiding self-reproduction: Plants can be separate sexes (monecious). Plants can have flowers that are separate sexes. Plants can have flowers that have both male and female parts but avoid “selfing” by: Structural incompatibility Temporal incompatibility Genetic incompatibility Your job in lab will be to collect evidence to determine how Allostromeria species avoids self- reproduction!

11. Germination of Seeds Investigation #2 Experimental Question: Does temperature have an effect on germination? Design an experiment to determine if warm or cool temperatures will impact the germination of seeds.

12. Investigation #3: Observing the process of meiosis in fungal spores

13. Patterns show crossing over:

14. Use the Lab Bench as a guide to help you understand what data you are collecting about your sample fungi: Experimental Question: What is the crossing over frequency of your Sordaria fungus? http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/labbench/lab3/desig n2.html

15. You will maintain a lab notebook for the genetics unit: This lab notebook will be assigned a 100 point grade: 1)Flower reproduction lab 2)Seed germination lab 3)Crossing over fungi lab 4)Embryo observations 5)Chi square and corn lab 6) Genetics problem set