1. Digital Image Processing SANDHIYA

2. LOGISTICS OF THE COURSE n Duration –20-22 lectures n Assessment –100% exam –There isn't any coursework or homework

3. IMAGE PROCESSING  Textbook – R. C. Gonzalez, R. E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, Addison Wesley, 1993, ISBN 0-201-50803-6 – R. C. Gonzalez, R. E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, Addison Wesley, 1993, ISBN 0-201-50803-6

4. DIGITAL IMAGE

6. FROM ANALOG TO DIGITAL Record output Display objectobserve Imaging systems digitize Sample and quantize store Digital storage (disk) process Digital computer Refresh /store On-line buffer

7. SamplingSampling 256x256 64x64

8. Quantisation – 8 bits 000 00 00 00 0 00 00 00 0 255

9. Quantisation cont. 256x256 256 levels 256x256 32 levels

10. Quantisation cont. 256x256 256 levels 256x256 2 levels

11. Coloured Image

12. Intensity (Gray-Level) Image

13. Binary Image

14. Image Processing  manipulation of multidimensional signals image (photo) video video CT, MRI CT, MRI

15. Image Processing  Why? – Coding/compression – Coding/compression – Enhancement, restoration, reconstruction – Enhancement, restoration, reconstruction – Analysis, detection, recognition, understanding – Analysis, detection, recognition, understanding – Visualization – Visualization

16. Original Image Fourier Transform Amplitude Phase Part I: Image Transforms

17. Original Image High Pass Filtering Part II: Image Enhancement

18. Distorted ImageRestored Image Part III: Image Restoration

19. Distortion due to Camera Misfocus Original imageDistorted image

20. Distortion due to Camera Misfocus Camera lens

21. Distortion due to motion Camera lens

22. Distortion due to Random Noise Distorted imageOriginal image

23. Part IV: Image Compression  Signal-Processing Based: Encoder Encoder H Compressed Representation Decoder

24. Images are not directly amenable to computer analysis n Computers work with numerical (rather than pictorial) data. n An image must be converted to numerical form before processing by computer can commence. n Picture elements or pixels n Rectangular sampling grid n Brightness of the image

25. Images are not directly amenable to computer analysis

26. n Medical images n Satellite images n Astronomy n Radar images APPLICATIONS

27. Satellite image Volcano Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia

28. Satellite image Volcano in Alaska

29. Medical Images: MRI of normal brain

30. Medical Images: X-ray knee

31. Medical Images: Ultrasound Five-month Foetus (lungs, liver and bowel)

32. Astronomical images