2. MAGNETISM Damayanti Behera (Sc. Tr.). For class – VIII.

3. DEFINITION The metal which attracts certain other metals and shows the direction like magnetite is called as Magnet. This quality of a metal is known as magnetism.

4. TYPES OF MAGNETS 1. Natural Magnets 2. Artificial Magnets

5. Natural Magnets The magnet which is present in nature is called natural magnet. Its shape is irregular, and it has weaker force of attraction.

6. Lode Stone (Magnetite Fe 2 O 3 ). Magnetite Stone.

7. Artificial Magnets Magnetic substances like Iron, Cobalt, Nickel are converted into magnets by the process of friction or, the process of induction are called artificial magnets. Here the force of attraction is stronger.

8. Bar Magnet

9. Horse Shoe Magnet

10. Ball Ended Magnet

11. Magnetic Needle

12. Magnetic Compass

13. Electromagnet

14. PROPERTIES 1- Magnet attracts only magnetic substances. 2- Every magnet has two poles and it is present towards the end of the magnet. 3- The magnet has directive properties. 4- Like poles repel and unlike poles attract each other. 5- The property of magnetism is destroyed in a magnet by striking through hammer or by heating in a flame. 6- The two poles remains always in pair at any point of magnet.