2. Elements of Poetry Elements of Poetry

3. Poetry- –one of three types of literature, others being prose and drama. –Poetry uses concise, rhythmic, and emotionally charged language. –The language of poetry emphasizes the re-creation of experiences..

4. Important Poetic Parts Stanza –is a group of lines in a poem, considered as a unit. Types of stanzas include: –Couplet: 2-line –Quatrain: 4-line –Cinquain: 5-line –Sestet: 6-line –Octave: 8-line

5. Types of Poetry Narrative Poem: possesses the elements of a story like characters, conflicts and plot, but the story is told in verse instead of prose. Lyric Poem: a highly musical verse that expresses the observations and feelings of a single speaker.

6. Haiku: a 3 line Japanese verse form. The 1 st & 3 rd lines have 5 syllables. The 2 nd line has 7 syllables. Haikus are usually about nature. Free/ Blank Verse: poetry not written in a regular rhythmical pattern. Free verse doesn’t necessarily follow any of the rules of poetry.

7. Concrete Poem: is a poem whose shape suggests its subject. The words, punctuation, etc. are arranged to create a visual image. Limerick: is a humorous, rhyming, five line poem with a specific meter and rhyme scheme. The 1 st, 2 nd, & 5 th line rhyme and the 3 rd & 4 th line rhyme. Most limericks have the rhyme scheme of aabba. All Poems do not have to Rhyme

8. Ballad: –is a song like poem that tells a story often dealing with adventure and romance. –The earliest ballads were composed orally; therefore, many of the stories exist in different versions. –Many ballads have a refrain a line or group of lines repeated at the end of each stanza.

9. Elements of Poetry Figurative Language: –i–is meant to be interpreted imaginatively. –S–Simile, metaphor, personification and imagery Simile: –a–a comparison between two unlike things using “like or as”. Metaphor: –c–compares 2 unlike things. Metaphors say that one thing IS another.

10. Rhyme scheme: –is a regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem. Lower case letters are used to indicate the pattern. Ex: aabba Repetition: –refers to sound, words, phrases or lines that are used more than once. Assonance: –is the repetition of vowel sounds at the beginning of words. Ex: Adam ate a lot of apples

11. Personification: –g–gives human characteristics or qualities to animals, ideas or lifeless objects. Imagery/Sensory language: –a–appeals to the 5 senses. Theme: –i–is the central idea in the work. Ex: love, compassion

12. Hyperbole: –is exaggeration for effect. Allusion: –is a reference to a well-known person, place, event, or literary work. Symbol: –is anything that stands for something else. –They are usually concrete images that represent ideas.

13. Concepts of Sound Rhyme: –is the repetition of sounds at the ends of words. Near Rhyme: –are words that almost rhyme. –They don’t have the same amount of syllables –Ex: men--again so--aglow whey-- away

14. Alliteration: –is the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginnings of words. –Ex: Creamy crunchy pimples Rhythm: –is the pattern of stresses, or beats in spoken or written language. Onomatopoeia: –is the use of words that imitate sounds.