1. Axes Systems AG by Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 ICC 2007, Moscow, Russia Automated Derivation of a 1:300 000 Topographic Map from Swiss DLM VECTOR 200 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems AG Ingo Petzold, University of Zurich Dirk Burghardt, University of Zurich

2. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Overview Context / Introduction Derivation of DCM300 Perspective: Derivation of DCM25 Conclusion

3. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Context / Introduction swisstopo’s project OPTINA-LK OPTINA-LK Vector200 DCM 300 Vector200 Karto Generali- sation MRDB Feasability study

4. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Context / Introduction swisstopo’s project OPTINA-LK OPTINA-LK Vector200 TLM DCM 300 Vector200 Karto DCM 25 TLM Karto Generali- sation Generali- sation MRDB Feasability study Realisation Jan´08

5. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Source Data DLM VECTOR200 digitized from topographic map 1:200'000 31 feature classes, 6 topics: –Transportation –Hydrography –Landcover –Buildings –POI –Boundaries Manually thinned for derivation of DCM300

6. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Source Data DLM VECTOR200, sample 1 (mountains):

7. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Source Data DLM VECTOR200, sample 2 (hills / lake):

8. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Target Data DCM300 Digital Cartographic Model for topographic map 1:300'000 ~40 feature classes (VECTOR200: 31) –Due to more detailed variations, e.g. line symbolisation of roads  Two major parts of processing: Reclassification Cartographic Generalisation

9. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Reclassification Reclassification / Model Transformation: m:n relation + Attribute Transformation  Transformation Rules, near Prolog Syntax e.g. road:use:tunnel  road:main AND construct == 3 FC

10. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Reclassification Rules definition through GUI:

11. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Cartographic Generalisation Generalisation Operators used: Selection –Through feature size Displacement –Mainly between Road/Railway/River –Parameters: Stiffness (e.g. Major Road or River) –Self-Displacement (e.g. narrow slopes) Simplification: Variant of Douglas-Peucker –Topology preservant –Connectivity preservant

12. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Workflow Suitable workflow was compiled after a series of tests: 1.Model transformation 2.De-selection 3.Displacement of line features 4.Line Simplification 5.Area Simplification

13. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Examples Sample 1 (mountains): VECTOR200

14. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Examples Sample 1 (mountains): DCM300 after MT:

15. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Examples Sample 1 (mountains): DCM300 after Gen.

16. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Examples Sample 2 (hills / lake): VECTOR200

17. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Examples Sample 2 (hills / lake): DCM300 after MT:

18. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Examples Sample 2 (hills / lake): DCM300 after Gen.

19. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Examples Central Switzerland: DCM300 after Gen.

20. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Context / Introduction swisstopo’s project OPTINA-LK OPTINA-LK Vector200 TLM DCM 300 Vector200 Karto DCM 25 TLM Karto Generali- sation Generali- sation MRDB Feasability study Realisation Jan´08

21. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Derivation of DCM25 Source: Topographic Landscape Model (TLM) Newly created, currently built up Only sample data Basis for maps 1:25K, 1:50K, 1:100K Target: Digital Cartographic Model DCM25 Basis for map 1:25K

22. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Derivation of DCM25 Comparison to DCM300 : Bigger amount of data New feature classes (~220)  More generalisation operators needed Area coverage, to be maintained Full topology, to be maintained Need for automated update mechanism

23. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Derivation of DCM25 Main components of new system: Workflow Management New generalisation operators Partitioning and Generalisation Zones Horizontal Relations Automated Incremental Updating

24. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Workflow Management Workflow Editor: –Define workflows graphically Workflow Engine: –Execute workflow Characteristics of architecture: –Sequences –Sub-Workflows –Branches, concurrent processes –Loops –Connection to Generalisation Services

25. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Generalisation operators New generalisation operators (compared to DCM300), most already implemented: Typification / of building alignments Aggregation Amalgamation Merge Building simplification Geometry type change Various special operators

26. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Partitioning / GenZones Partitioning: handling of large amount of data Trans-Hydro-Graph Density analysis, e.g. building density  City / residential zone / rural area Pre-defined regions Manual partitioning Generalisation Zones: Effect on Parameters Urban / Rural Alpine / Hilly data driven process driven (top-down)

27. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Horizontal Relations Allow representation of relationships between features within one resolution original situation building alignments trans- hydro- graph topology nearness

28. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Conclusion swisstopo´s OPTINA LK Derivation of DCM300: –Feasability study –Accomplished Derivation of DCM25 –Productive System –Realisation Jan´08 Thank you!

29. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Incremental Updating Two Approaches: Re-Generalisation and Construction (see ICC 2005) aa' Original data Updated data ungener- alised generalised bb' Re-Generalisation GR UR aa' bb' Construction GR UR Original data Updated data Re-GeneralisationConstruction

30. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 object-oriented model Relation modeling

31. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 object-oriented model Relation modeling

32. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 object-oriented model Relation modeling

33. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 object-oriented model Relation modeling

34. by Axes Systems Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 object-oriented model Relation modeling