1. Eighteenth Century Architecture Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp

2. Topics Neo-Classicism Neo-Classicism French Neo-Classicism French Neo-Classicism English Neo-Classicism English Neo-Classicism

3. Neo-Classicism The Palladians of England were among the first to undertake a thorough study and revival of architecture from the past The Palladians of England were among the first to undertake a thorough study and revival of architecture from the past The artistic elite of Europe had renewed an interest in the architecture of antiquity (Roman and Greek) in the middle of the eighteenth century The artistic elite of Europe had renewed an interest in the architecture of antiquity (Roman and Greek) in the middle of the eighteenth century Became known as the Neo-Classical Period Became known as the Neo-Classical Period New Classical New Classical

4. Neo-Classicism Artists and architects of the Neo-Classical Period gained an accurate understanding of actual buildings and art works from the past Artists and architects of the Neo-Classical Period gained an accurate understanding of actual buildings and art works from the past Historians also began to thoroughly study these ancient civilizations Historians also began to thoroughly study these ancient civilizations A strong popularity in these antiquities spread through mainstream society during this period A strong popularity in these antiquities spread through mainstream society during this period

5. French Neo-Classicism French Neo-Classicism French Neo-Classicism Ste.-Genevieve, Paris Ste.-Genevieve, Paris Has been known as the Pantheon since the French Revolution Has been known as the Pantheon since the French Revolution Designed by Jacques-Germain Soufflot Designed by Jacques-Germain Soufflot His only major structure His only major structure Built on a Greek-cross scheme Built on a Greek-cross scheme Features five domes Features five domes

6. French Neo-Classicism http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

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8. http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

9. http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

10. Petit Trianon, Versailles Petit Trianon, Versailles Designed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel Designed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel Considered one of the most perfect buildings in France Considered one of the most perfect buildings in France Has an overwhelming theme of dignity and elegance Has an overwhelming theme of dignity and elegance

11. French Neo-Classicism http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

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13. http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

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15. Place de la Concorde, Paris Place de la Concorde, Paris Constructed from 1755 – 1775 Constructed from 1755 – 1775 Constructed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel Constructed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel Previously known as Place Louis XV Previously known as Place Louis XV A radical departure from the square palaces of the baroque period A radical departure from the square palaces of the baroque period Features a large courtyard with a giant fountain at the center Features a large courtyard with a giant fountain at the center

16. French Neo-Classicism http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

17. http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

18. http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

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20. Ecole de Chirurgie, Paris Ecole de Chirurgie, Paris A school of surgery A school of surgery Now known as Ecole de Medecine Now known as Ecole de Medecine Designed by Jacques Gondoin Designed by Jacques Gondoin Considered a radical neo-classic structure Considered a radical neo-classic structure A fusion of modern and neo-classicism A fusion of modern and neo-classicism

21. French Neo-Classicism http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

22. http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

23. English Neo-Classicism George Dance II George Dance II Important English neo-classic architect Important English neo-classic architect Known for a sever manner in style and design Known for a sever manner in style and design Important structures Important structures Newgate Prison, London Newgate Prison, London Common Council Chamber, Guildhall, London Common Council Chamber, Guildhall, London

24. English Neo-Classicism Newgate Prison Newgate Prison 1768 – 1769 1768 – 1769 Quarters were completely windowless for absolute security Quarters were completely windowless for absolute security Charles Dickens described the Entrance Way to this prison as “One way” and “looking as if they were made for the express purpose of letting people in, and never letting them out again.” Charles Dickens described the Entrance Way to this prison as “One way” and “looking as if they were made for the express purpose of letting people in, and never letting them out again.” Newgate Prison was eventually demolished in 1902 Newgate Prison was eventually demolished in 1902

25. English Neo-Classicism http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

26. http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

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28. Common Council Chamber, Guildhall, London Common Council Chamber, Guildhall, London Designed in 1777 Designed in 1777 Was later destroyed Was later destroyed Central space was covered by a pendentive dome over simple piers and arches Central space was covered by a pendentive dome over simple piers and arches Combined medievalism and Neo-Classicism Combined medievalism and Neo-Classicism

29. English Neo-Classicism http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

30. References Sullivan, Mary; http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/ Sullivan, Mary; http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/ http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html Trachtenburg/Hyman; Architecture: From Prehistory to Postmodernity Trachtenburg/Hyman; Architecture: From Prehistory to Postmodernity Wodehouse/Moffett; A History of Western Architecture Wodehouse/Moffett; A History of Western Architecture

31. Eighteenth Century Architecture Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp