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Published byBasil Morris Modified over 9 years ago
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Phylum Chordata
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Characteristics of Chordates ► Notochord ► Dorsal nerve cord ► Pharyngeal pouches or gill slits ► Postanal tail
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► Subphylum Cephalocharodata- This subphylum is composed of about 2 dozen blade-shaped animals known as lancelets. They retain all characteristic throughout life. ► Subphylum Urochordata- This subphylum is commonly known as tunicates ( sea squirts). Larva posses all chordate characteristics while adults exhibit only Pharyngeal pouches.
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Subphylum Vertebrata ► All characteristics of chordates ► Distinguishing characteristics Vertebral column or spine Cranium or skull that protects the brain Endoskeleton composed of bone or cartilage
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Major groups of Vertebrates
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Lampreys and Hagfishes ► Long, eel-like bodies ► Lack jaws ► Paired fins ► bones
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Sharks, Skates and Rays ► Class Chondrichthyes Jaws Paired fins Skeleton of cartilage
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Boney Fishes ► Class Osteichthyes Jaws Most have a skeleton composed of bone
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Amphibians ► Class Amphibia Included frogs, toads and salamanders Skin is moist and permeable to gases and water Most lay eggs in water Most have an aquatic larval stage
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Reptiles ► Class Reptilia Turtles, crocodiles, alligators, lizards and snakes Skin is dry and scaly Eggs that can be laid on land
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Birds ► Class Aves Adapted for flight ► Feathers ► Hollow bones ► Unique respiratory system
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Mammals ► Characteristics Endothermy Hair Completely divided four chamber heart Milk produced from mammary gland Single jawbone Specialized teeth
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Order Monotremata ► Egg-laying mammals ► Most primitive of mammals ► Only three species Two anteaters and one platypus
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Order Marsupialia ► 250 species ► The U.S. has only one species – the Virginia opossum ► Young develop in a pouch
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Placental Mammals ► Diverse group composed of at least 18 orders ► 95% of mammals are placental ► They live on land, in water and the air
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