1. Phylum Chordata

2. Deuterostomes The four traits ALWAYS –Notochord –Pharyngeal slits/pouches –Hollow, dorsal nerve cord –Postanal tail Other traits –Endostyle or thyroid gland –Segmental musculature

3. It’s What All the Chordates are Wearing

5. Stages & Events of Chordate Embryogenesis Developmental ProcessEmbryonic Stage Fetus Neurulation Zygote Morula Blastula Gastrula Neurula Pharyngula

6. Cleavage Generates a Blastula

8. Gastrulation & Neurulation

11. Fates of Embryonic Germ Layers

12. Gastrulation & Neurulation

13. Notochord Embryonic mesodermal structure Induces neural tube formation Serves as a dorsal support structure

14. Notochord & Formation of Neural Tube N N NT NT

16. Pharyngula Staged Vertebrate Embryos

17. Chordate Cladistics

18. Phylogenetic Relationship between Echinoderms, Hemichordates & Chordates

19. Chordate Phylogeny

20. Phylum Chordata, Subphylum Urochordata Protochordates –SP Urochordata Notochord only in tail Tadpole-like larvae –Class Ascidiacea –Class Thaliacea –Class Larvacea Ascidian Thaliacian Larvacian

21. Urochordate Larvae

22. Ascidian Larvae & Metamorphosis

23. Ascidian Adult Anatomy

24. Solitary Ascidians Clavelina puertosecensis

25. Compound Tunicate Colony

26. Class Thaliacea (Salps)

27. Class Larvacea

28. The Ancestral Chordate ?

29. Phylum Chordata Subphylum Cephalochordata Maintain chordate structures throughout life Segmental myomeres very apparent Notochord extends entire length of body

30. Amphioxus Maintains All Chordate Characters Notochord Dorsal neural tube Pharyngeal slits/pouches originate from neural crest –Analogous to gill slits, inner ear & larynx Postanal tail –Extension of body muscle beyond anal opening tail

31. Amphioxus

32. Pikaia Earliest known fossil chordate Burgess shale of BC Obvious similarity to cephalochordates