2. Chapter 8 Bionic Men and Women

3. Pre-reading  What movies or TV shows have you seen about a person who was part machine? What was the story about?

4. Pre-reading  When a part of someone’s body stops working, the person’s life may depend on a machine, whether in the hospital or in everyday life. Give an example of a situation like this.

5. Before Reading Sci-fi : science fiction, stories about imaginary worlds or future developments in science Device : a small machine or tool that does a special job Nerves: thin parts like lines throughout the body that carry information to/from the brain Kidneys salamander A lack: not having something or not having enough of it Genes: the parts of cells in your body that control qualities you get from your parents

6. Fast Reading  Read the text as fast as you can.  Do not use dictionary.  Do not ask your teacher about the vocabulary.  Do not follow with a pen or your finger. It slows you down.

8. Chest: the front of the body between the neck and the stomach  He collapsed with severe chest pains.

9. Demand : the need or desire people have for something  Recently, the demand for new cars has increased greatly.

10. Development : a change, often one that makes a product or a process better  This book is about economic development in India.

11. Key: very important, necessary  Frida Kahlo is a key figure in the international art world.

12. Therefore: for that reason, as a result  Their car is bigger than ours. Therefore, it is more comfortable.

13. Regularly: happening repeatedly, with the same amount of time between each event.  Graham was regularly warned by his boss.

14. Beat: to make repeated, regular sounds or movements  Waves are beating against the rocks.

15. Replace: to get something that is newer or better and use it in place of something that is old or not working  The factory replaced most of its workers with robots

16. Attach : to make something connect with or stick to something else, to join  You must attach a recent photograph to your application form

17. Keep up with: to manage to do something as fast as someone else, or as well as you need to or are expected  Teachers need to keep up with technology.

18. Artificial: not real or not made of natural things  Medical scientists have developed artificial heart models

19. Engineer : someone whose job is to design or build roads, bridges, machines etc.  He was trained as a civil engineer

20. Within: inside a particular building or area  People who die are put within coffins.

21. Battery : an object that provides a supply of electricity for something such as a radio, car, or toy  When the red light comes on, you should recharge the battery

22. Strength : the physical power and energy that makes someone strong  Alisa Camplin had the strength to win the gold medal

23. Careful Reading  Read the text carefully.  You can ask your teacher if you don’t understand words and sentences.  After careful reading, you need to answer questions about details.

24. Comprehension Check True/False Comprehension Check True/False

25.  People can get new body parts only in the movies

26. false

27.  Bionics means studying living things-how they are made and how they work.

28. true

29.  Giving a man a pacemaker for his heart is an example of using bionics

30. true

31.  Machines are our only hope for new body parts in the future

32. false

33.  Some animals can grow new body parts if they need to

34. true

35.  In the movies, bionic body parts sometimes give people special abilities

36. true

37.  Exploring Vocabulary- pp. 92-93

38. Quoting and Paraphrasing

39.  Answer these questions about ‘Bionic Men and Women’. Try to paraphrase sentences from the reading. If you quote more than a few words, use quotation marks around the material copied from the reading.

40. Quoting and Paraphrasing  1. What does bionics mean?

41.  It is ‘ the study of how living things are made and how they work’

42. Quoting and Paraphrasing  2. What is a pacemaker? What does it do?

43.  It is a device that doctors place inside a person’s chest to regulate his or her heartbeat

44. Quoting and Paraphrasing  3.Why has it been so hard to develop things like artificial hands?

45.  The main problem in developing artificial hands or legs, for example, is finding ways to let the brain communicate with the bionic part of the body.

46. Quoting and Paraphrasing  4.What is a transplant operation?

47.  It is a kind of surgery that takes an organ from one person or other living thing and places it another.

48. Quoting and Paraphrasing  5. What is one problem with transplants?

49.  Transplants require an extra organ to be available for the operation, and there aren’t enough of them when they are needed

50. Quoting and Paraphrasing  6. Why are researchers studying salamanders?

51.  Because these creatures have the ability to regrow a lost leg.

52. Quoting and Paraphrasing  7. Why might some people like the idea of getting bionic body parts?

53.  Because they think they could gain special abilities, such as super speed or strength.