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Published byNeil Elijah Casey Modified over 9 years ago
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The Immune System Repels disease-causing organisms Removes dead/damaged cells Destroys malfunctioning cells
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Non-Infectious Diseases… Are NOT caused by microorganisms (germs like bacteria and viruses) Such as cancer and diabetes mellitus
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Infectious Diseases… Are transmitted (carried) among people by disease-causing microorganisms. Bacteria, viruses Can be contagious
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Immunity… The resistance to a disease- causing organism or a harmful substance.
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Active Immunity… The body produces the necessary antibodies either because a person caught a disease or a person is vaccinated against it.
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Passive Immunity… Antibodies come from a source other than yourself. (a mother to an unborn baby)
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Vaccines are effective because… The weakened or dead viruses do not make you sick, but they stimulate your body to make antibodies against them. Once the antibodies are made the 1 st time, the body is ready to make them again on short notice if the same kind of invader returns.
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A Booster Shot… Is a vaccine (shot) that increases the production of antibodies in the body.
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1 st Line of Defense Skin, mucus, cilia, saliva Coughing, sneezing, tears, sweat, stomach acid
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The Respiratory System… Is defended by mucus and cilia Organisms get trapped in the mucus and are swept out of air passages by the cilia
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2 nd Line of Defense…The Inflammatory Response 1. Disease causing organism enters skin. 2. Body increases blood supply to the affected area 3. WBC leave blood vessels and move into tissues, where they gobble up invading organisms “Wheel and Flare”
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Antibodies… Proteins made by the immune system Responsible for destroying harmful invaders 3 rd line of defense Are SPECIFIC for certain antigens
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Antigens… The invading organism or substance that triggers the action of an antibody “producer of antibodies”
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The shape of an antibody… Changes from a “T” to a “Y” The two “arms” of the “Y” attach and bind to the antigen This prevents invaders from attaching to our cells
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B cells and T cells… Are both special white blood cells T cells alert B cells to make antibodies
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Cancer is… A disease in which cells multiply uncontrollably, destroying healthy tissue.
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AIDS A disease caused by a virus that attacks, hides in, and destroys helper T cells. Helper T cells signal the presence of a disease-causing organism. Without helper T cells, the immune system is crippled and diseases that normally would be destroyed are free to attack the body.
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Allergies… Result when the immune system is sensitive to certain substances.
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Allergens… Substances that cause an allergic reaction. Dust, feathers, animal hair (dander), pollen, foods
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Diabetes Mellitus is… A disease that occurs when the body either makes too little insulin or is not able to use the insulin that it does make.
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