1. Film Terminology Recap for ‘The Sandman’ Analysis

2. Basic Terms Shot:an uninterrupted piece of film, without cuts. Shot:an uninterrupted piece of film, without cuts. Scene:a number of shots that takes place in one location dealing with one action. Scene:a number of shots that takes place in one location dealing with one action. Sequence:one or more scenes forming a coherent section of the film. Sequence:one or more scenes forming a coherent section of the film. Cut:an immediate move from one shot to another or one scene to another. Cut:an immediate move from one shot to another or one scene to another.

3. Mise-en-Scene: literally means “put on screen”. This term refers to everything we see on screen including the costumes, lighting, make-up, props, etc. Using these things a film-maker can create a believable world for the characters.

4. Camera Shots Extreme Close-up: Extreme Close-up: A magnified image usually focussing on one part- a hand, an eye etc. Close Up: Close Up: A close up image normally showing the face and nothing else. Often this is to show emotion.

5. Medium Close-up: Medium Close-up: Shows character from the chest up – viewer/character intimate Medium: Medium: Shows characters from the waist up. Shows some emotion.

6. Medium Long: Medium Long: Shows characters from the thigh up. Establishes the characters and their roles without giving us their emotions. Long: Long: Presents the setting of the action and the characters. Mood is often established in this way.

7. Extreme Long Shot: Extreme Long Shot: Focus is on the setting, the character is small in comparison. Establishing: Establishing: Shows the location, setting or landscape of a scene: an Extreme Long Shot.

8. Over-the-shoulder: Over-the-shoulder: Often used when two characters are having a conversation. This is shot from behind one character, over the shoulder, looking at the other character. Point of View: Camera sees what the character would see. Point of View: Camera sees what the character would see.

9. Camera Angles Straight on: Straight on: Straight horizon line – establishes normality. Canted Angle: Canted Angle: Tilted horizon line – establishes sense of unease – Abnormality in setting (external) or mind (internal).

10. High Angle:A shot taken above the location. Will make the characters look small and insignificant. High Angle:A shot taken above the location. Will make the characters look small and insignificant. Low Angle:A shot taken from below an actor. Will make the characters look powerful. Low Angle:A shot taken from below an actor. Will make the characters look powerful.

11. Camera Movement Pan (panorama): Pan (panorama): camera swivels left or right on axis. Used for: Showing scene Showing scene Following movement Following movement Show POV as head turns Show POV as head turns Guiding attention Guiding attention

12. Tilt: Tilt: camera swivels up or down. Used for: Showing scene on different levels Showing scene on different levels Following movement Following movement Show POV as head moves up/down Show POV as head moves up/down

13. Track (dolly): Track (dolly): camera on wheels. Can track in/out, left/right, slow/fast. Crane: Crane: camera on crane so can move in/out, up/down space Handheld: Handheld: portable camera so get jiggling image. Used for: Realist documentary look Realist documentary look Convey dynamism of action Convey dynamism of action Steadicam: Steadicam: portable camera with weights which is ‘worn’ by camera operator. Used to: Steady image Steady image Film scene without multiple takes Film scene without multiple takes

14. Zoom: Zoom: use of zoom lens to create illusion of camera moving in/out. Can zoom in/out. Rack focus: Rack focus: change focus during shot to new point of interest.