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Graphics Graphics Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Basic of Animation 고려대학교 그래픽스 연구실.

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Presentation on theme: "Graphics Graphics Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Basic of Animation 고려대학교 그래픽스 연구실."— Presentation transcript:

1 Graphics Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Basic of Animation 고려대학교 그래픽스 연구실

2 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Overview Animation 의 기본원칙 Animation 이란 ? Animation 의 기본 원칙 움직임 만들기 Animation Technique 의 분류 제작 기법에 따른 분류 기타분류

3 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Animation 이란 ? 어원과 의미 anima : 정신, 혼, 생명, 숨결 ( 라틴어 ) Animation  생명이 없는 물체에서 생명을 창조, 혹은 생명을 불어 넣는다는 의미  생명이 없는 사물에 움직임을 연속적으로 만들어 생명을 불어넣는 동영상 작업을 총칭

4 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Animation 의 기본원칙 착시현상 초당 24 프레임 이상만 되면 인간의 눈은 연속된 동작으로 인지하게 됨 넓은 의미의 애니메이션 개념 1. 시각적 정보이다. 2. 애니메이션은 움직여 변하는 것이다. 3. 애니메이션은 제어가 가능한 것이다.

5 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr 움직임 만들기 - 스토리보드 스토리보드 시나리오가 지닌 내용을 가시적으로 표현하는 단계 스토리 보드 제작 공정 1. 스토리 전체 혹은 특정한 시퀀스 (Sequence) 의 진행계획을 결정한다. 2. 한 시퀀스는 보통 수많은 씬 (Scene) 로 이루어져 있지만 단 1 씬 만으로도 이루어질 수도 있다. 시퀀스 씬 씬

6 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr 움직임 만들기 - 레이아웃 레이아웃 스토리 보드에서 연출한 것을 보다 정교하게 표현 등장인물의 크기, 비율 및 자연 현상 등의 패턴을 통일시켜 한 작품의 질서를 세우는 분야 인물의 위치 및 카메라 앵글을 정밀하게 보안, 묘사하며 배경의 모양새, 크기, 그리고 이에 따른 소품의 위치를 매 씬 마다 매끄럽게 연결시킴

7 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr 움직임 만들기 – 원화 (Key Animation) 레이 아웃 (Lay Out) 과 동화 (Inbetween Animation) 사이의 과정으로 애니메이션의 핵심 파트 한 씬과 한 씬의 연결고리를 위한 움직임의 정점을 묘사

8 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr 움직임 만들기 – 동화 (Inbetween Animation) 원화와 원화 사이를 보다 세밀하게 연결시켜서 원화가 추구하는 움직임을 보완, 완성시키는 파트

9 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr 동화 (Inbetween Animation)

10 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Overview Animation 의 기본원칙 Animation 이란 ? Animation 의 기본 원칙 움직임 만들기 Animation Technique 의 분류 제작 기법에 따른 분류 기타분류

11 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr 제작 기법에 따른 분류 Camera 2D 3D Cameraless Direct Animation CGA (Computer Graphic Animation)

12 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr 제작 기법에 따른 분류 - Camera 2D Paper Animation Cell Animation Cut-out Animation Sand Animation Silhouette Animation Painting on Glass 3D

13 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr 제작 기법에 따른 분류 - Camera 2D 3D Puppet Animation Claymation Pixilation

14 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr 제작 기법에 따른 분류 - Cameraless Direct Animation Drawing on Film Scratching on film CGA (Computer Graphic Animation)

15 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr 제작 기법에 따른 분류 - Cameraless Direct Animation CGA (Computer Graphic Animation) 2D Computer Animation 3D Computer Animation

16 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr 2D Computer Animation 특징 전통적인 애니메이션에서 연출하기 힘든 특수효과들을 가미할 수 있게 됨

17 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr 3D Computer Animation 특징 캐릭터와 배경, 움직임 등 총채적인 모든 작업을 컴퓨터로 하게 됨 더욱 풍부한 표현과 연출이 가능해 짐

18 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr 기타분류 Abstract Animation Experimental Animation Limited Animation / Full Animation 실사합성 Animation Limited Animation Full Animation

19 Graphics Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Computer Animation 고려대학교 그래픽스 연구실

20 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Computer Animation What is Animation? Make objects change over time according to scripted actions What is Simulation? Predict how objects change over time according to physical laws

21 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Outline Principles of Animation Keyframe Animation Articulated Figures

22 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Principle of Traditional Animation – Disney – Squash and Stretch Slow In and Out Anticipation Exaggeration Follow Through and Overlapping Action Timing Staging Straight Ahead Action and Pose-to-Pose Action Arcs Secondary Action Appeal

23 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Squash and Stretch 물체의 동작에 역동성을 더하기 위해서 운동방향과 속도의 변화에 따라 모양을 찌그러뜨려 표현 Squash Stretch

24 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Slow In and Out 애니메이션 동작에 대한 관객의 주목도를 높이기 위해서 동작의 시작과 끝을 중간과정 보다 느리게 표현

25 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Anticipation 이전 동작으로 다음 동작을 예측 가능하도록 표현 착지 점프

26 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Computer Animation Animation Pipeline 3D modeling Motion specification Motion simulation Shading, lighting, & rendering Postprocessing

27 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Outline Principles of Animation Keyframe Animation Articulated Figures

28 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Keyframe Animation Define Character Poses at Specific Time Steps Called “Keyframes”

29 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Keyframe Animation Interpolate Variables Describing Keyframes to Determine Poses for Character in between

30 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Inbetweening Linear Interpolation Usually not enough continuity

31 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Inbetweening Spline Interpolation Maybe good enough

32 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Inbetweening Spline Interpolation Maybe good enough  May not follow physical laws

33 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Inbetweening Spline Interpolation Maybe good enough  May not follow physical laws

34 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Inbetweening Inverse Kinematics or Dynamics

35 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Outline Principles of Animation Keyframe Animation Articulated Figures

36 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Articulated Figures Character Poses Described by Set of Rigid Bodies Connected by “Joints” Base Arm Hand Scene Graph

37 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Articulated Figures Well-Suited for Humanoid Characters

38 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Articulated Figures Joints Provide Handles for Moving Articulated Figure

39 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Inbetweening Compute Joint Angles between Keyframes consider the length constancy RightWrong

40 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Example: Walk Cycle Articulated Figure: Hip Knee Foot Upper Leg Ankle Lower Leg Hip Rotate Hip Rotate + Knee Rotate Upper Leg (Hip Rotate) Foot (Ankle Rotate) Lower Leg (Knee Rotate)

41 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Example: Walk Cycle Hip Joint Orientation:

42 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Example: Walk Cycle Knee Joint Orientation:

43 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Example: Walk Cycle Ankle Joint Orientation:

44 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Challenge of Animation Temporal Aliasing Motion blur

45 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Temporal Ailasing Artifacts due to Limited Temporal Resolution Strobing Flickering

46 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Temporal Ailasing Artifacts due to Limited Temporal Resolution Strobing Flickering

47 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Temporal Ailasing Artifacts due to Limited Temporal Resolution Strobing Flickering

48 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Temporal Ailasing Artifacts due to Limited Temporal Resolution Strobing Flickering

49 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Motion Blur Composite Weighted Images of Adjacent Frames Remove parts of signal under-sampled in time

50 CGVR Graphics Lab @ Korea University cgvr.korea.ac.kr Summary Animation Requires... Modeling Scripting Inbetweening Lighting, shading Rendering Image processing

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