1. Calit2: a SoCal UC Infrastructure for Innovation Welcoming Talk Meeting of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals Judges April 21, 2009 Dr. Larry Smarr Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology Harry E. Gruber Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD

2. From Elite Science to the Mass Market Four Examples I Helped “Mid-Wife”: –Supercomputers to GigaHertz PCs –Scientific Visualization to Movie/Game Special Effects –CERN Preprints to WWW –NSFnet to the Commercial Internet Technologies Diffuse Into Society Following an S-Curve Automobile Adoption Source: Harry Dent, The Great Boom Ahead “Calit2 Works Here” {

3. Fifteen Years from Bleeding Edge Research to Mass Consumer Market 1990 Leading Edge University Research Center-NCSA –Supercomputer GigaFLOPS Cray Y-MP ($15M) –Megabit/s NSFnet Backbone 2005 Mass Consumer Market – PCs are Multi-Gigahertz ($1.5k) – Megabit/s Home DSL or Cable Modem NSF Blue Waters Petascale Supercomputer (2011) Will be Over 1 Million Times Faster than Cray Y-MP! www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/BlueWaters/system.html

4. An Unexpected Benefit of NSF Investments: NCSA Mosaic Led to the Modern Web World 100 Commercial Licensees NCSA Programmers 1990 Open Source Licensing Source: Larry Smarr NCSA Collage 1993

5. Calit2 Continues to Pursue Its Initial Mission: Envisioning How the Extension of Innovative Telecommunications and Information Technologies Throughout the Physical World will Transform Critical Applications Important to the California Economy and its Citizens’ Quality Of Life. Calit2 is a University of California “Institutional Innovation” Experiment on How to Invent a Persistent Collaborative Research and Education Environment that Provides Insight into How the UC, a Major Research University, Might Evolve in the Future. Calit2 Review Report: p.1

6. Calit2--A Systems Approach to the Future of the Internet and its Transformation of Our Society www.calit2.net Calit2 Has Assembled a Complex Social Network of Over 350 UC San Diego & UC Irvine Faculty From Two Dozen Departments Working in Multidisciplinary Teams With Staff, Students, Industry, and the Community Integrating Technology Consumers and Producers Into “Living Laboratories”

7. Two New Calit2 Buildings Provide New Laboratories for “Living in the Future” “Convergence” Laboratory Facilities –Nanotech, BioMEMS, Chips, Radio, Photonics –Virtual Reality, Digital Cinema, HDTV, Gaming Over 1000 Researchers in Two Buildings –Linked via Dedicated Optical Networks UC Irvine www.calit2.net Preparing for a World in Which Distance is Eliminated… $100M From State for New Facilities

8. Calit2 UCSD Affiliated Centers Loci for Innovation

9. Nanotrope Separation Systems Technology New Industrial Partners Using Calit2@UCSD Cleanrooms Plus >75 Faculty!

10. Partnering with Large Companies: QUALCOMM: $22 M Innovation and Strategic Relationship With Calit2 Chairs and Fellowships –Five Endowed Chairs –50 Student Fellowships Early Access to Equipment--EVDO Base Station/BREW Collaborations –Calit2 US-India Summit: –Co-Chairs Paul Jacobs and Frieder Seible –Roberto Padovani, QUALCOMM CTO and Adjunct Professor in ECE in Residence at Calit2 Workshop on Spectrum Allocation and Assignment Innovation Funds for Programs –Center for Information Theory and Applications –Summer Undergraduate Research Program High Risk Ventures –Microfluidics-Based Laparoscopic Surgery Tool –Digital Clinical Charts for Works of Art at the SD Museum of Art –Search for the Tomb of Genghis Khan Using Non-Invasive Materials Imaging

11. Federal Agency Source of Funds Federal Agencies Have Funded Over $400 Million to Over 300 Calit2 Affiliated Grants Creating a Rich Ecology of Basic Research 50 Grants Over $1 Million Broad Distribution of Medium and Small Grants OptIPuter Calit2 Review Report p.4,21 Plus $50M From Foundations

12. Calit2 Has Introduced Innovative Wireless Systems to Support SoCal First Responders Aug. 22, 2006 MMST Disaster Drill at Calit2@UCSD Involved Over 200 First Responders

13. NSF RESCUE Mardi Gras Testbed 2006 Crowd Analysis “Waterproof” Cameras! Photo by Michael Hennig CalMesh on a Rooftop Photo by Michael Hennig Satellite Backhaul

14. NSF’s OptIPuter Project: Using Supernetworks to Meet the Needs of Data-Intensive Researchers OptIPortal– Termination Device for the OptIPuter Global Backplane Calit2 (UCSD, UCI), SDSC, and UIC Leads—Larry Smarr PI Univ. Partners: NCSA, USC, SDSU, NW, TA&M, UvA, SARA, KISTI, AIST Industry: IBM, Sun, Telcordia, Chiaro, Calient, Glimmerglass, Lucent

15. “Broadband” Depends on Your Application: Data-Intensive Science Needs Supernetworks Mobile Broadband – 0.1-0.5 Mbps Home Broadband –1-5 Mbps University Dorm Room Broadband –10-100 Mbps Dedicated Supernetwork Broadband –1,000-10,000 Mbps 100,000 Fold Range All Here Today! “The future is already here, it’s just not evenly distributed” William Gibson, Author of Neuromancer

16. Dedicated 10Gbps Lightpaths Tie Together State and Regional Fiber Infrastructure NLR 40 x 10Gb Wavelengths Expanding with Darkstrand to 80 Interconnects Two Dozen State and Regional Optical Networks Internet2 Dynamic Circuit Network Is Now Available

17. OptIPortals Scale to 1/3 Billion Pixels Enabling Viewing of Very Large Images or Many Simultaneous Images Spitzer Space Telescope (Infrared) Source: Falko Kuester, Calit2@UCSD NASA Earth Satellite Images Bushfires October 2007 San Diego

18. Calit2/EVL Varrier -- 60 Screen Panorama OptIPortal Dan Sandin, Greg Dawe, Tom Peterka, Tom DeFanti, Jason Leigh, Jinghua Ge, Javier Girado, Bob Kooima, Todd Margolis, Lance Long, Alan Verlo, Maxine Brown, Jurgen Schulze, Qian Liu, Ian Kaufman, Bryan Glogowski Mars Rendered at 46,000 x 23,000 pixels 360 Degree Mars Landscape Rover Spirit at McMurdo 2006 16384 by 4096 pixels Photo: Amy Bennion

19. Calit2 3D Immersive StarCAVE OptIPortal: Enables Exploration of High Resolution Simulations Cluster with 30 Nvidia 5600 cards-60 GB Texture Memory Source: Tom DeFanti, Greg Dawe, Calit2 Connected at 50 Gb/s to Quartzite 30 HD Projectors! 15 Meyer Sound Speakers + Subwoofer Passive Polarization-- Optimized the Polarization Separation and Minimized Attenuation

20. Telepresence Meeting Using Digital Cinema 4k Streams Keio University President Anzai UCSD Chancellor Fox Lays Technical Basis for Global Digital Cinema Sony NTT SGI Streaming 4k with JPEG 2000 Compression ½ Gbit/sec 100 Times the Resolution of YouTube! Calit2@UCSD Auditorium 4k = 4000x2000 Pixels = 4xHD