1. MVA Training The Spinney
Positional Asphyxia
MVA Training
The Spinney

2. Positional Asphyxia The term asphyxia is vague and confusing.
Refers to a state of the body:
Deprived of Oxygen
Excess carbon dioxide
Hypoxia

3. Positional Asphyxia Loss of consciousness Low oxygen
High Carbon dioxide
Asphyxia – achieved unnaturally

4. Positional Asphyxia Physical energy expenditure
Increasing body chemicals
Weaken body muscles
Respiratory muscles

5. Positional Asphyxia Stress on heart increases More oxygen to function
If an individual with severe respiration muscle fatigue is restrained in a position that impairs or prevents breathing, it is easy to understand why positional asphyxia can occur so quickly.

6. Positional Asphyxia Syndrome (traumatic asphyxia)
Sole/contributory factor to death
Breathing apparatus impaired
As a result of restraint

7. Risk Factors Position during restraint Prolonged struggle
Prescribed medication
Respiratory disorders
Drug and alcohol intoxication
Cardiovascular disorders
Obesity

8. How to asphyxiate Compression to neck Compression to chest/back/torso
Obstructed airways/vomiting
Chemical/environmental
Postural position

9. Signs Congestion of the face Facial oedema
Cyanosis/increased de-oxygenated blood

10. Awareness Observations Vital signs Overheating/dehydration
Caution with administering medication

11. Any Questions?