1. Field Calibration of Plant Disease Models Using Smartphones Joe Russo Midwest Weather Working Group 3 rd Annual Meeting Charlotte, North Carolina August 6, 2010

2. EnvironmentPathogen Host Disease Disease Triangle Copyright © 2010 ZedX Inc.

3. Linking 924 m Weather Data to Field-Scale Decisions 1 - 100 sec 100 – 10000 sec 10 – 100 hours 100 – 1000 hours Eddy Thunder- storm Tornado Water Spout Dust Devil Squall Line Land/Sea Breeze Chinook Wind Tropical Storm Hurricane Cyclone Front Life Span 924 m Weather Model Feedback of Local Data for Crop and Pest Development Copyright © 2010 ZedX Inc.

4. 100 m (Precision Ag) Local Models and/or Interpretation Downscale, Models and/or Integration of Surface Features Copyright © 2010 ZedX Inc. Linking 924 m Weather Data to Field-Scale Decisions

5. Biglerville, PA Experimental Site Copyright © 2010 ZedX Inc.

6. Biglerville, PA Orchard Plot and 10m Elevation Grid Higher elevation Lower elevation 10 m elevation Copyright © 2010 ZedX Inc.

7. Biglerville, PA Experimental Site Credit: Jim Travis, Noemi Halbrendt, Penn State Fruit Research & Extension Station, Biglerville, PA

8. 2009 Scab Incidence on Shoot Leaves, Red Delicious University Drive Orchard, PSU-FREC, Biglerville, PA Credit: Jim Travis, Noemi Halbrendt, Penn State Fruit Research & Extension Station, Biglerville, PA

9. PA-PIPE 5 km Apple Scab Model Simulation Biglerville, PA May 5, 2009 Source: pa-pipe.zedxinc.com

10. 2009 Scab Incidence on Shoot Leaves, Red Delicious University Drive Orchard, PSU-FREC, Biglerville, PA PA-PIPE 5 km Model Credit: Jim Travis, Noemi Halbrendt, Penn State Fruit Research & Extension Station, Biglerville, PA

11. Apple Scab Infection (%) 0 100 Apple Growth Stage (%) 100 (0.05) Green Tip (1.0) Bloom (0.05) Fruit Set Scab Susceptibility Apple Cultivars Comparison of Apple Tree Growth and Scab Infection Copyright © 2010 ZedX Inc.

12. Apple Scab Relative Risk of Infection Work Sheet

13. Step 1. Preseason. Grower bounds fields & provides soil, hybrid, pest history. 1 Copyright © 2010 ZedX Inc. Steps for Linking Weather Data to Field-Scale Decisions

14. Step 2. In-season. Model predicts crop stage and disease infection at an approximate 1 km resolution. 1 2 Copyright © 2010 ZedX Inc. Steps for Linking Weather Data to Field-Scale Decisions

15. Step 3. In-season. Scout records field-level crop stage and disease development. Copyright © 2010 ZedX Inc. Steps for Linking Weather Data to Field-Scale Decisions 1 2 3

16. Step 4. In-season. Smartphone transmits crop & pest data via the Internet. Copyright © 2010 ZedX Inc. Steps for Linking Weather Data to Field-Scale Decisions 1 2 Data 4 3

17. Step 5. In-season. Model uses crop & disease observations to calibrate model output to field scale. Copyright © 2010 ZedX Inc. Steps for Linking Weather Data to Field-Scale Decisions 1 2 Data 4 3 5

18. Step 6. In-season. Interface allows expert consultant to view crop and pest data geospatially & track application decisions versus disease infection predictions. Copyright © 2010 ZedX Inc. Steps for Linking Weather Data to Field-Scale Decisions 1 2 Data 4 3 5 6

19. Step 7. Post-season. Expert consultant analyzes practices versus predictions on a field-by-field basis to improve management decision making. Copyright © 2010 ZedX Inc. Steps for Linking Weather Data to Field-Scale Decisions 1 2 Data 4 3 5 6 7

20. Apple Scab Relative Risk of Infection Work Sheet

21. Field Calibration of Pest Disease Models Via Smartphones Online Program Copyright © 2010 ZedX Inc. 1. Setup 2. Historical Obs. 3. Risk Assessment Credit: iPhone Simulator by Testiphone.com (http://www.testiphone.com/) Copyright © 2007-2010 Web design/

22. Thank You! Questions?