1. MINERAL GROUPS CHAP 5 SECTION 4

2. MINERAL GROUPS SILICATES – MAKE UP OVER 90 % OF ALL 4000 MINERALS CARBONATES SULFIDES OXIDES SULFATES HALIDES NATIVE MINERALS

3. SILICATES SILICA TETRAHEDRON

4. SILICATES QUARTZ – SiO 2 2 ND MOST ABUNDANT MINERAL, HARDEST COMMON MINERAL (7) FELDSPARS – MOST COMMON MINERAL FAMILY – 3 THINGS IN COMMON - HARDNESS 6, CLEAVAGE IN TWO PLANES AND PEARLY LUSTER ORTHOCLASE – POTASSIU M / PINK PLAGIOCLASE – SODIUM / CALCIU M VARIES IN COLOR

5. QUARTZ ORTHOCLASE PLAGIOCLASE

6. SILICATES MICAS – EXCELLENT CLEAVAGE IN ONE PLANE BIOTITE – DARK COLORED MUSCOVITE – LIGHT COLORED TALC – SOFTEST MINERAL (1), SOAPY TEXTURE

7. TALC BIOTITE MUSCOVITE

8. FERROMAGNESIAN SILICATES CONTAIN IRON AND MAGNESIUM AND ARE ALWAYS DARK IN COLOR PYROXENE FAMILY – AUGITE AMPHIBOLE FAMILY – HORNEBLEND OLIVINE AND KAOLINITE

9. FERROMAGNESIAN SILICATES AUGITEHORNEBLENDE

10. OTHER SILICATES OLIVINEKAOLINITE

11. CARBONATES CALCITE – CaCO 3 MOST COMMON CARBONATE, REACTS TO ACID TEST ICELANDIC SPAR – DOUBLE REFRACTION DOLOMITE MALACHITE AND AZURITE – COPPER CARBONATES

12. CARBONATES CALCITE DOLOMITE AZURITEMALACHITE

13. OXIDES AND SULFIDES HEMATITE – FE 2 O 3 MAJOR IRON ORE MAGNATITE – FE 3 O 4 MAGNETIC OR A MAGNET PYRITE – FeS 2 MOST COMMON SULFUR MINERAL “FOOLS GOLD” GALENA – LEAD SULFIDE

14. OXIDES AND SULFIDES HEMATITEMAGNETITE PYRITEGALENA