1. 8 th Grade Science T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

2. Section A: Complete the chart using a periodic table to help you. Element Atomic Symbol Total # of electrons # of Valance Electrons # of Electrons gained or lost Oxidation Number Chlorine Potassium Magnesium Fluorine Aluminum Sodium Nitrogen Oxygen Carbon Iodine

3. Section A: Complete the chart using a periodic table to help you. Check your work! Element Atomic Symbol Total # of electrons # of Valance Electrons # of Electrons gained or lost Oxidation Number Chlorine Cl17 71 gained PotassiumK 19 1 1 lost+1 Magnesium Mg 122 2 lost+2 FluorineF 9 7 1 gained AluminumAl 13 3 3 lost +3 SodiumNa11 1 1 lost +1 NitrogenN 7 5 3 gained -3 OxygenO 8 6 2 gained -2 CarbonC 6 4 4 gained or lost +/- 4 IodineI 53 7 1 gained

4. Answer these questions: An atom that gains one or more electrons will have a ____________________ charge. An atom that loses one or more electrons will have a ____________________ charge. An atom that gains or loses one or more electrons is called an ____________. A positive ion is called a ______________ and a negative ion is called an _______________. POSITIVE NEGATIVE ION CATION ANION “An-Eye-On” “Cat-Eye-On”

5. What is an ionic bond? Atoms will transfer one or more ________________ to another to form the bond. Each atom is left with a ________________ outer shell. An ionic bond forms between a ___________ ion with a positive charge and a ________________ ion with a negative charge. Example B1: Sodium + ChlorineExample B2: Magnesium + Iodine ELECTRONS COMPLETE METAL NONMETAL

6. Example B3: Potassium + IodineExample B4: Sodium + Oxygen Example B5: Calcium + ChlorineExample B6: Aluminum + Chlorine

7. What is a covalent bond? Atoms ___________ one or more electrons with each other to form the bond. Each atom is left with a ________________ outer shell. A covalent bond forms between two _________________. Example C1: Hydrogen + HydrogenExample C2: 2 Hydrogen + Oxygen SHARE COMPLETE NONMETAL

8. Example C3: Chlorine + ChlorineExample C4: Oxygen + Oxygen Example C5: Carbon + 2 OxygenExample C6: Carbon + 4 Hydrogen