1. Bellwork 10-8 I run over fields and woods all day. Under the bed at night I sit not alone. My tongue hangs out, up and to the rear, awaiting to be filled in the morning. What am I?

2. Physical Science Chapter 5 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RRVV4Di omg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RRVV4Di omg

3. The Periodic Table Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number (amount of protons)

5. The number of elements per period varies because the number of available orbitals increases from energy level to energy level

6. Hydrogen

7. Helium

8. Both have all of their electrons on the first energy level

9. Lithium

10. How many energy levels are needed to hold lithium’s electrons?

11. Groups Each column in the periodic table is a group. Elements within a group have similar properties

12. Groups Properties of elements repeat in a predictable way when atomic numbers are used to arrange elements into a group.

13. Groups Elements in a group have similar electron configurations

14. Periodic Law Pattern of repeating properties is the periodic law.

15. What do you think the electrons of the atoms in the first group have in common?

16. Bellwork Without looking at your book: what period would the element Silicon be on if it has an atomic number of 14? I am weightless, but you can see me. Put me in a bucket, and I'll make it lighter. What am I?

17. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcKilE9Cd aA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcKilE9Cd aA

18. Bellwork Pronounced as one letter, And written with three, Two letters there are, And two only in me. I'm double, I'm single, I'm black, blue, and gray, I'm read from both ends, And the same either way. What am I?

19. Atomic Mass Units AMU is the mass unit assigned to atoms

20. Atomic Masses Atomic mass is a value that depends on the distribution of an element’s isotopes in nature and the masses of those isotopes.

21. Atomic Mass The atomic mass assigned to an element on the periodic table is a weighted average of the different isotopes of that element.

22. Classes of elements Take 3-4 minutes and read 135-136 When you are finished I will give you further instructions

23. Classification Chart Create a chart classifying the three different ways in which elements are classified on a periodic table. Your chart should include: – 3 classifications – Detailed explanation of each – Illustration for each – Example of each

24. Bellwork #1 10-11 Without looking on your book… What period is this element in?

25. Bellwork #2 10-11 From the beginning of eternity To the end of time and space To the beginning of every end And the end of every place. What am I?

26. Classes of Elements There are several different ways to classify elements on the periodic table 3 examples are: 1)Physical state at room temperature 2)Those that occur naturally and those that do not (93+ do not occur naturally) 3)General properties (metals, nonmetals, metalloids)

27. Metals Most elements are metals – Good conductors – Solid at room temperature (except mercury) – Malleable – Ductile (pulled into wires) – Some are very reactive, some are not (magnesium vs. gold)

28. Metal reactivity http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uixxJtJPVX k http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uixxJtJPVX k

29. Transition metals Groups 3-12 Form a bridge between the metals on the left and right of the table Examples: copper and silver Some are used to tint glass

30. Tr

31. Nonmetals Properties opposite of metals Poor conductors of heat and electric current Many are gas at room temperature Great variation between nonmetals, chemical and physical

32. Some are very reactive, some are not at all Many form compounds, like fluorine and sodium found in toothpaste

34. Metalloids Elements with properties that fall between metals and nonmetals Some are good conductors, some are poor, and with some it depends on temperature

35. Variations Across a Period Across a period from left to right (except period 1) elements become less metallic and more nonmetallic in their properties

36. Metallic and nonmetallic chemical properties deal with the willingness of an atom to gain or lose electrons and the atom’s reactivity with other elements.

37. Homework Complete the workbook through chapter 5, section 2 (page 50) Remember you will need your book to answer some questions.

38. BELLWORK DISCUSS A SCIENTIFIC OBSERVATION YOU HAVE RECENTLY MADE

39. VALENCE ELECTRONS IS AN ELECTRON THAT IS IN THE HIGHEST OCCUPIED ENERGY LEVEL OF AN ATOM

40. CONT. THEY HAVE A GREAT DEAL TO DO WITH THE PORPERTIES OF ATOMS.

41. VALENCE ELECTRONS INCREASE LEFT TO RIGHT ON THE TABLE

42. ELEMENTS IN A GROUP HAVE SIMILAR PROPERTIES BECAUSE THEY HAVE THE SAME NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS

43. * THEY WON’T BE IDENTICAL BECAUSE THEY ARE ON DIFFERENT ENERGY LEVELS, BUT THEY ARE SIMILAR

44. MAKE A FLIP BOOK! TITLE IT “GROUPS IN THE PERIODIC TABLE” THE EXPOSED FLAP SHOULD BE THE NAME OF THE GROUP UNDER EACH FLAP YOU SHOULD INCLUDE THE 1: GROUP’S NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS 2: ELEMENTS IN THE GROUP 3: PROPERTIES OF THESE ELEMENTS 4: COMMON USES FOR THESE ELEMENTS

45. ALKALI METALS GROUP 1A 1 VALENCE ELECTRON EXTREMELY REACTIVE BECOME MORE REACTIVE DOWN THE GROUP SO REACTIVE, ONLY FOUND IN COMPOUNDS – LIKE TABLE SALT, NaCl

46. LITHIUM SODIUM POTASSIUM RUBIDIUM CESIUM FRANCIUM

48. ALKALINE EARTH METALS GROUP 2A 2 VALENCE ELECTRONS HARDER THAN ALKALI METALS MELTING POINTS ARE MUCH HIGHER TOO DIFFERENCES IN REACTIVITY IN HOW THEY REACT WITH WATER

49. BERYLLIUM MAGNESIUM CALCIUM STRONTIUM BARIUM RADIUM

50. MAGNESIUM: – KEY ELEMENT IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS – STRONGER THAN STEEL, BUT VERY LIGHT USED IN MANY MECHANICAL AREAS

51. Magnesium

52. CALCIUM: – USED TO KEEP BONES AND TEETH HEALTHY – IN COMPOUND CALCIUM CARBONATE CALCIUM, CARBON, OXYGEN: – CHALK, LIMESTONE, CORAL, PEARLS

53. Calcium

55. BORON FAMILY Group 3A 3 VALENCE ELECTRONS CONTAINS A METALLIOD AND METALS BORON,ALUMINUM,GALLIUM,INDIUM, THALLIUM

56. ALUMINUM MOST ABUNDANT METAL ON EARTH FOUND IN COMPOUND/MINERAL BAUXITE – ALUMINUM AND OXYGEN

57. ALUMINUM

58. BAUXITE

59. BORON BORON IS USED TO MAKE GLASS MORE TEMPERATE – CAN HANDLE RAPID CHANGE IN TEMPERATURE

60. CARBON FAMILY GROUP 4A 4 VALENCE ELECTRONS CONTAINS NONMETALS, METALLOIDS, METALS METALIC NATURE INCREASES FROM TOP TO BOTTOM CARBON, SILICON, GERMANIUM, TIN, LEAD LIFE WOULD NOT EXIST WITHOUT CARBON

61. CARBON EXCEPT FOR WATER, MOST OF THE COMPOUNDS IN OUR BODIES CONTAIN CARBON

63. SILICON SILICON IS THE SECOND MOST ABUNDANT ELEMENT ON EARTH’S CRUST. FOUND IN SAND, GLASS, ROCKS AS SILICON DIOXIDE

64. SILICON

65. NITROGEN Family 5A 5 VALENCE ELECTRONS NONMETALS (GAS AND SOLID), METALLOIDS, METALS WIDE RANGE OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

66. Nitrogen Phosphorus Arsenic Antimony Bismuth

67. Nitrogen Lower boiling point than oxygen Extracted from air to produce fertilizers

68. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qgqT9_sE HNE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qgqT9_sE HNE

69. Phosphorus Also useful in fertilizers and to humans White phosphorus is very reactive Red phosphorus is not very reactive

70. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6_- EUcswSc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6_- EUcswSc

71. The Oxygen Family Group 6A 6 Valence electrons Three nonmetals, two metalloids Oxygen is the most abundant element in Earth’s crust.

72. Oxygen Sulfur Selenium Tellurium polonium

73. Oxygen Needed to release energy stored in food Can be stored as liquid Ozone is another form of oxygen

74. Sulfer Sulfer is abundant and used in fertilizers

75. The Halogen Family 7A 7 Valence electrons Gases, liquid, solid Many physical differences, similar chemical properties

76. Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine Astatine

77. Fluorine is used to prevent tooth decay Chlorine is used to kill bacteria Iodine is used to keep thyroid gland working properly

78. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u2ogMUD Baf4 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u2ogMUD Baf4

79. The Noble Gases 8A helium has 2, the rest have eight valence electrons Colorless, odorless, extremely unreactive Useful to protect reactive materials from oxygen

80. Helium Neon Argon Krypton Xenon Radon

81. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QLrofyj6a 2s http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QLrofyj6a 2s