1. Mr. Marston South Asia Dominion Christian High School Marietta, GA

2. South Asia is a subcontinent Large, Distinct landmass that is joined to another continent. In this case, Asia. Forms a peninsula Arabian Sea (West) Indian Ocean (South) Bay of Bengal (East) Includes Sri Lanka

3. Indian subcontinent

4. Landforms Mountains: Himalaya: formed by collision of tectonic plates. Mt. Everest: 29,035 feet Karakoram Mountains: Hindu Kush Mountains Khyber Pass: narrow pass between Afghanistan and Pakistan

5. Indian Topography

6. Himalayas

7. Himalayan Video

8. Himalayas

9. Internet Activity

10. Khyber Pass

13. Ganges Plain Wide, fertile plain at the base of Himalayan Mountains Indus River Ganges River Brahmaputra 1/10 of the world lives here.

14. Ganges Plain

15. Chota Nagbur Plateau

17. Central Landforms Vindhya Range: mountain range in Central India. Divides the northern and southern regions. Cuisine, architecture, and religious practices differ in north and south

18. Southern Landforms Eastern Ghats: rugged hills. Western Ghats Deccan Plateau: contains rich soil, but relatively dry because rainy winds are blocked by Western Ghats. Karnataka Plateau: south of the Deccan Plateau receives more moisture. Hills are lush.

19. Deccan Plateau

20. Karnataka Plateau

21. Other Sri Lanka: island southeast of India Maldives: Island chain south of India

22. Major River Systems Rivers are the key to live in South Asia Indus Brahmaputra Ganges All carry fertile soil from mountain slopes onto floodplains as the rivers swell from seasonal rains

23. Rivers continued Indus: cradle of ancient India Brahmaputra: major inland waterway. Ganges: Most important river in South Asia. Revered by Hindus who consider the river sacred. Most productive agricultural area and world’s longest alluvial plain: an area of fertile soil deposited by river flood waters. The Ganges Plain is India’s most densely populated area.

24. Natural Resources Rivers of South Asia provide Alluvial soil Drinking Water Transportation Hydroelectric Power Fish

25. Energy Resources Petroleum Reserves Natural Gas: Southern Pakistan Uranium

26. Minerals Leading exporter of iron ore Mica: makes electrical equipment Graphite: lead in pencils

27. Timber Conifers, silver fir, and hardwoods (oak, magnolia, beech, and birch) Severe overcutting threatens Nepal’s timber Massive soil erosion

28. Climate and Vegetation Tropical climates in the south Highlands Deserts

30. Climate Regions of South Asia

31. Tropical and Subtropical Climates Tropical rain forests: western coast of India, near the Ganges Delta in Bangladesh, southern Sri Lanka. Absorb great quantities of moisture Ebony trees, lush vines, and orchids Bamboo, mango and palm trees

32. Sundarbans (beautiful jungle) Swampy area in SW Bangladesh World’s largest mangrove forest

33. Sundarbans

35. Tropical Savanna Central Indian steppe Eastern Sri Lanka

36. Humid Subtropical Climate Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and the NE part of India

37. Highland Climate Himalayan Highlands Karakoram Mountain ranges Snow all the time Little vegetation survives Coniferous and hardwood trees Grasslands and bamboo divide the lower Himalayan foothills from higher elevations

38. Dry Climates Great Indian Desert: (Thar Desert) Desert scrub, low, thorny trees, and grasses A Steppe surrounds the desert.

39. Thar Desert

40. Location of Thar Desert

41. Three distinct seasons Hot (Late February to June) Wet: (June to September) Cool: (October to late February) Period distinction depend on seasonal winds (monsoons) Cool season: dry winds Hot: wet winds from Indian Ocean bring monsoon rains

42. Monsoon Rains Monsoon rains are heaviest in South Asia Some areas receive adequate rainfall for agriculture while others (Deccan Plateau and western Pakistan) do not Other issues: Flooding Cyclones: storm with high winds and rain

43. Winter Monsoons: Nov.- April

44. Summer Monsoons: May-Oct.

45. Indian Monsoons

46. Youtube Monsoon