1. Land Claims & Treaty Land Entitlement

2. What are First Nation Land Claims? Land claims are unresolved grievances between First Nations and the Government of Canada.

3. First Nations People and the Land Aboriginal people have a deep affection for the land that dates to time immemorial. "Treat the earth well: it was not given to you by your parents, it was loaned to you by your children. We did not inherit the Earth from our Ancestors, we borrow it from our Children." Ancient Indian Proverb

4. Why do we need land claims?

5. Types of Land Claims The federal government first announced a formal policy on claims in 1973. That policy divides grievances into two broad categories: ComprehensiveSpecific

6. Comprehensive Claims A comprehensive claim may arise when a First Nation asserts aboriginal rights and title to land. The First Nations argue that certain lands which have not fallen under a treaty belong to the First Nation people who occupy the area. Most of these claims are in British Columbia where no land treaties were made.

7. Comprehensive Claim There is a catch: The federal government says these claims require First Nation people to exchange their aboriginal rights and title for treaty rights.

8. Comprehensive Claims The most famous comprehensive land claim is: Nunavut

9. Specific Claims Specific claims arise when a First Nation alleges that the federal government has not honoured it’s treaties. Specific claims make up most of the claims that have been submitted to the government since 1973. About 900 have been submitted to date

10. Specific Claims Here’s the catch: A specific claim is valid ONLY if a First Nation can prove the government has not fulfilled it’s duties.

11. Specific Claims The First Nations are entitled to compensation if: There has been a non-fulfillment of a treaty A breach of the Indian Act in regards to land The mishandling of Indian funds or assets An illegal sale or disposition of Indian land

12. Specific Claims Specific claims typically include cash to compensate reserves for the value of land that was taken unlawfully. Some First Nations which have received money from a claim include: -Flying Dust -Pelican Lake -Kahkewistahaw