1. Weathering and Erosion
How does the Earth Change?

2. Weathering
The process in which materials on or near the Earth’s surface break down and change
Types of Weathering:
Mechanical (Physical) Weathering
Chemical Weathering

3. Mechanical Weathering
Process by which rocks break down into smaller pieces
DOES NOT involve a change in composition

4. Mechanical Weathering
Frost wedging
Freeze - thaw cycle of water in cracks of rocks
Pressure
Pressure causes curved cracks in rock
The stripping away of rock layers is known as exfoliation
Another example is tree roots pushing through rock

5. Chemical Weathering Water, oxygen, CO2, acid precipitation
Process by which rocks and minerals undergo changes in their composition
Agents of chemical weathering:
Water, oxygen, CO2, acid precipitation

6. Rates of Weathering Can be affected by:
Climate
Warm, humid areas weather faster
Rock Type and Composition
Certain rocks weather easier
Surface Area
Amount of area exposed

7. Erosion Removal of weathered rock and soil from its original location
Agents of erosion:
Gravity
Moving water
Glaciers
Wind

8. Gravity
Force of gravity tends to pull all materials down slope

9. Moving Water Rivers and streams carry sediments
Waves against shorelines cause erosion of the shoreline

10. Glacial Erosion Glaciers can carry huge rocks and debris
Leave U-shaped depressions called moraines

11. Wind Erosion
Wind can pick up and move fine dry particles

12. What types of weathering and erosion can be found in Paramus??
EXAMPLES?

13. 5th Possible Agent of Erosion??
Can Humans and other living creatures be an agent of erosion??

14. How does the Earth change?
Rock Cycle
How does the Earth change?

15. Rock Cycle
Continuous, dynamic set of processes by which rocks are changed into other types of rocks
Any rock can be changed into any other type of rock

16. Rock Cycle
Igneous Rocks
Magma
Sedimentary
Rocks
Metamorphic
Sediments

17. Rock Cycle Sediments Sedimentary Rocks Metamorphic Igneous Rocks Rocks
Melting
Melting
Melting
Magma

18. Rock Cycle Sediments Sedimentary Rocks Metamorphic Igneous Rocks Rocks
Melting
Melting
Melting
Cooling and
Crystallization
Magma

19. Rock Cycle Sediments Sedimentary Rocks Heat and Pressure
Metamorphic
Rocks
Igneous Rocks
Melting
Melting
Melting
Cooling and
Crystallization
Magma

20. Rock Cycle Sediments Sedimentary Rocks Heat and Pressure
Weathering & Erosion
W & E
Heat and Pressure
Metamorphic
Rocks
Igneous Rocks
Melting
Melting
Melting
Cooling and
Crystallization
Magma

21. Rock Cycle Sediments Lithification Sedimentary Rocks Heat and Pressure
Weathering & Erosion
W & E
Heat and Pressure
Metamorphic
Rocks
Igneous Rocks
Melting
Melting
Melting
Cooling and
Crystallization
Magma