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Safety and Efficacy of Bosutinib (SKI-606) in Patients With Chronic Phase (CP) Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Following Resistance or Intolerance to Imatinib J. E. Cortes, H. M. Kantarjian, T. H. Brümmendorf, H. J. Khoury, D-W. Kim, A. Turkina, A. Volkert, J. Wang, S. Arkin, and C. Gambacorti-Passerini University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Universitäts-Klinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Universitäts-Klinikum Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Hematology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA; University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Boschelli DH, et al. J Med Chem. 2005;48:3891-3902; Golas JM, et al. Cancer Res. 2003;63:375-381; Golas JM, et al. Cancer Res. 2005;65:5358-5364;Puttini M, et al. Cancer Res. 2006;66:11314-22. N CN HN ClCl O O ON N Src enzyme (ELISA) IC 50 = 1.2 nM Src enzyme (Lance) IC 50 = 3.8 nM Abl enzyme IC 50 = 1.4 nM K562 cell IC 50 = 20 nM KU812 cell IC 50 = 4.3 nM Courtesy of L. Scapozza and A. Shaheen, University of Geneva, Switzerland. Bosutinib: A Dual Inhibitor of Src and Abl Kinases
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Effect of Bosutinib Versus Imatinib on Cell Proliferation IC 50 ± SE (nmol/L) BosutinibImatinib p210 Ba/F313 ± 4401 ± 70 D276G Ba/F325 ± 151,147 ± 231 Y253F Ba/F340 ± 221,888 ± 979 E255K Ba/F33943,174 ± 1,211 T315I Ba/F31,800 ± 850 10,000 Tel-PDGFRβ Ba/F3370 ± 1803.4 ± 0.9 c-KIT exon 13 mutant GIST8826,00029.5 c-KIT G560V HCM1 560 950 ± 45019 Puttini M, et al. Cancer Res. 2006;66:11314-22.
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Summary of Bosutinib Preclinical Activity Orally bioavailable Potent dual Src/Abl inhibitor Minimal inhibitory activity against PDGFR and c-KIT Inhibits Bcr-Abl signaling in CML cells Active against imatinib-resistant mutants of Bcr-Abl, except T315I Boschelli DH, et al. J Med Chem. 2005;48:3891-3902.; Golas JM, et al. Cancer Res. 2003;63:375-381. Puttini M, et al. Cancer Res. 2006;66:11314-22.
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Study Design Open-label, continuous oral daily dosing Part 1: Dose escalation –Patients with chronic phase CML –Imatinib resistance only –Bosutinib dose: 400, 500, or 600 mg/day Part 2: Efficacy and safety –Patients with Ph+ CML in any phase –Imatinib intolerance or resistance –Bosutinib dose: 500 mg/day
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Definitions and Assessments Population: – Imatinib resistant: Received 600 mg/day imatinib, and No CHR by 3 months, cytogenetic response by 6 months, or MCyR by 12 months; or loss of response – Imatinib intolerant: Grade 4 hematologic toxicity >7 days Grade 3 non-hematologic toxicity Persistent grade 2 toxicity not responding to adequate management and/or dose adjustments Follow-up: – Cytogenetics every 3 months – PCR every month for 3 months, then every 3 months
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) a Patient Characteristics (N = 294) Characteristic Median [range], or No. (%) Age, y52.0 [18.0-91.0] Time from diagnosis, y4.0 [0.1-17.8] Duration of prior imatinib, y 2.3 [0-9.4] Imatinib resistance202 (69) Imatinib intolerance92 (31) Prior interferon95 (32) Prior stem cell transplant8 (3) Mutations b 43 (45) a Results for bosutinib in CP CML following failure of >1 Abl kinase inhibitor and in advanced Ph+ CML are included in other analyses (HJ Khoury and C Gambacorti-Passerini). b 96 patients evaluated for mutations.
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Bosutinib Administration Parameter Median [range], or No. (%) Duration of treatment, mo13.7 [0.2-46.8] Dose intensity, mg/day454.1 [61.5-599.6] Dose interruption227 (77) Dose reduction a 132 (45) Dose escalation to 600 mg33 (12) a Dose reductions due to adverse events. Median follow-up was 23.8 mo (range, 0.3-51.0 mo) Data cut-off date : February 22, 2010
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ResponseNo. (%) Hematologic a n = 109 b Overall102 (94) Complete99 (91) Cytogeneticn = 214 b Major136 (64) Complete106 (50) Molecularn = 151 b Major79 (52) Complete49 (32) a Includes patients with unconfirmed hematologic response. b Patients with CHR, CCyR, or CMR at baseline and patients lacking either a baseline or a post- baseline assessment are considered non-evaluable for the respective response. Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Best Response
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Response No. (%) Imatinib resistant Imatinib intolerant Hematologic a n = 75 b n = 34 b Overall69 (92)33 (97) Complete66 (88)33 (97) Cytogeneticn = 158 b n = 56 b Major95 (60)41 (73) Complete73 (46)33 (59) Molecularn = 108 b n = 43 b Major58 (54)21 (49) Complete32 (30)17 (40) a Includes patients with unconfirmed hematologic response. b Patients with CHR, CCyR, or CMR at baseline and patients lacking either a baseline or a post- baseline assessment are considered non-evaluable for the respective response.
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Time to Response CCyR, complete cytogenetic response; MCyR, major cytogenetic response; CHR, complete hematologic response. a Includes patients with unconfirmed hematologic response. n Median time to onset, mo (95% CI)No. of events at Month 36 CCyR21412.3 (9.5-18.0)106 MCyR2146.3 (6.0-9.1)136 CHR a 1090.8 (0.5-0.8)99 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 02468 12 CCyR Probability of response (%) Time to response (months) MCyR CHR a 283032343614161820222426
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Time to Response (cont) CCyR, complete cytogenetic response; MCyR, major cytogenetic response; CHR, complete hematologic response. a Includes patients with unconfirmed hematologic response. MCyR, n = 214 CHR a, n = 109 CCyR, n = 214 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 61218 Probability of response (%) Time to response (months) 243036 25% 41% 91% 40% 57% 91% 46% 61% 91% 48% 63% 91% 49% 63% 91% 50% 64% 91%
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Duration of MCyR n No. (%) patients retaining MCyR IM resistant9574 (78) IM intolerant4135 (85) MCyR, major cytogenetic response; IM, imatinib. 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 02468 12 IM resistant IM intolerant Probability of remaining MCyR (%) Duration of MCyR (months) 141618202224262830323436
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Response by Mutation Status 19 different mutations identified in 43 of 96 (45%) patients tested Mutation type, a n/n evaluable (%) CHRMCyR Any19/22 (86)28/39 (72) P-loop4/4 (100)6/9 (67) Non–P-loop15/18 (83)22/30 (73) No mutation26/28 (93)22/38 (58) a Patients with complete hematologic, cytogenetic, or molecular responses at baseline and patients lacking both a baseline and post-baseline assessment are considered non-evaluable for the respective response.
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Response by Individual Mutations CHR MCyR CHR, complete hematologic response; MCyR, major cytogenetic response.
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Progression-free Survival 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 IM resistant IM intolerant Probability of PFS (%) Time to progression (months) 024681012141618202224262830323436 nMedian PFS No. (%) patients progression free at Month 24 IM resistant202Not reached155 (77) IM intolerant92Not reached79 (86) PFS, progression-free survival; IM, imatinib.
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Overall Survival 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 IM resistant IM intolerant Probability of OS (%) Time to death (months) nMedian OS No. (%) patients alive at Month 24 IM resistant202Not reached186 (92) IM intolerant92Not reached91 (99) OS, overall survival; IM, imatinib. 024681012141618202224262830323436
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Adverse event No. (%) All gradesGrade 3-4 Diarrhea247 (84)26 (9) Nausea129 (44)5 (2) Vomiting105 (36)9 (3) Rash100 (34)25 (9) Abdominal pain63 (21)3 (1) Fatigue61 (21)2 (1) Pyrexia60 (20) 1 ( 1) Cough47 (16)0 Headache42 (14)0 Arthralgia39 (13) 1 ( 1) Decreased appetite36 (12)2 (1) Nasopharyngitis33 (11)0 Constipation31 (11) 1 ( 1) Asthenia31 (11)5 (2) Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Treatment-emergent Adverse Events
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Gastrointestinal Adverse Events Parameter No. (%) DiarrheaNauseaVomiting Patients with event247 (84)129 (44)105 (36) Median time to onset, d258 Median duration, d25 [1-654]10 [1-446]3 [1-170] Resolved212 (86)117 (91)101 (96) Received Rx for AE157 (64)49 (38)32 (30) Required dose reduction13 (5)6 (5)7 (7) Required dose interruption31 (13)8 (6)14 (13) Discontinued treatment5 (2) 1 ( 1) 4 (4)
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Other Adverse Events of Interest Pleural effusion –Observed in 2 ( 1%) patients (all grades) –No grade 3-4 events were reported Prolongation of QTcF interval –On treatment: 8.6% had grade 1-2; 0.3% had grade 3-4 –At treatment completion: 2% had grade 1-2; 0% had grade 3-4
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Laboratory abnormalityNo. (%) Thrombocytopenia72 (24) Neutropenia47 (16) Anemia36 (12) Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Grade 3-4 Hematologic Laboratory Abnormalities
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Other Grade 3-4 Laboratory Abnormalities Laboratory abnormalityNo. (%) Hypermagnesemia34 (12) Elevated ALT30 (10) Hypophosphatemia23 (8) Elevated lipase21 (7) Elevated uric acid16 (5) Elevated AST14 (5) Hypocalcemia10 (3) Hypomagnesemia10 (3) Hyperglycemia8 (3) Elevated INR7 (2) Elevated potassium7 (2)
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Feature No. (%) Imatinib resistant (n = 202) Imatinib intolerant (n = 92) All patients (n = 294) Discontinued treatment94 (47)45 (49)139 (47) Adverse event32 (16)25 (27)57 (19) Disease progression31 (15)5 (5)36 (12) Unsatisfactory response12 (6)3 (3)15 (5) Patient request8 (4)5 (5)13 (4) Death5 (2)0 Investigator request 1 ( 1) 3 (3)4 (1) Lost to follow-up2 (1)0 2 ( 1) Other3 (2)4 (4)7 (2) Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Discontinuation From Treatment
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Bosutinib in CP CML (2 nd Line) Conclusions Clinical efficacy in patients with CP CML resistant or intolerant to imatinib (CCyR 50%) Responses across wide variety of Bcr-Abl mutations Duration of response requires further follow-up Favorable toxicity profile –Self-limiting gastrointestinal adverse events –Low rates of hematologic toxicity –Minimal fluid retention
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We would like to thank all of the participating patients and their families, as well as the global network of investigators, research nurses, study coordinators, and operations staff Principal investigators: USA: L. Akard, E. Asatiani, J. Cortes, A. Galvez, J. Glass, J. Liesveld, D. Liu, H. J. Khoury, J. McCarty, M. Maris, A. Rapoport, R. Silver, D. Snyder, M. Wetzler; CANADA: S. Assouline, M. Seftel, J. Sutherland, R. Turner; ITALY: M. Baccarani, C. Gambacorti, G. Saglio; GERMANY: T. Brümmendorf, T. Fischer, A. Hochhaus, A. Kiani; ARGENTINA: E. Bullorsky, G. D. Kusminsky, J. Milone; INDIA: M. Chandy; RUSSIA: A. Golenkov, I. Krylova, Y. Shatokhin, A. Turkina, A. Zaritskey, T. Zagoskina; SPAIN: F. Cervantes, J. C. Hernandez Boluda, J. L. Steegmann; AUSTRALIA: S. Durrant, T. Hughes, A. Spencer; NORWAY: H. Hjorth-Hansen; KOREA: D-W. Kim, J. Lee; HONG KONG: R. Liang, H. Liu; CHINA: J. Jin, L. Qiu, Z. Shen, L. Yu, Y. Zhao; SOUTH AFRICA: V. Louw, N. Novitzky, P. Ruff; HUNGARY: T. Masszi; NETHERLANDS: G. Ossenkoppele, E. Vellenga; FINLAND: K. Porkka; AUSTRIA: J. Thaler Study 3160A4-200 (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00261846) was supported by Pfizer Inc (formerly Wyeth Research) Editorial assistance was provided by Kimberly Brooks, PhD, of MedErgy and funded by Pfizer Inc Acknowledgments
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