1. Chapter Seven Gothic Europe Dates and Places: 12 th to 14 th century Western Europe (begins in France) People: Growth of urban centers Sophisticated courts Scholasticism Cult of Virgin Mary Reims Cathedral, ca. 1225–1290. Fig. 7-1.

2. Gothic Themes: Virgin Mary Life of Christ and saints Portraits Secular life Forms: Immense churches Increasingly optical approach to figures and space Lavish ornament and materials Saint Theodore, Chartres Cathedral, ca. 1230. Fig. 7-12.

3. Gothic: France Example: Birth of Gothic style Abbot Suger Royal church Rib vaults and pointed arches Open space Stained glass windows, symbolic light = lux nova Plan, abbey church, Saint-Denis, 1140– 1144. Fig. 7-3.

4. Gothic: France Notre-Dame, begun 1163. Fig. 7-8.

5. Gothic: France Example: Flying buttresses Quadrant arches Rose windows Towers on heavily ornamented westwork Large clerestory of stained glass windows Skeletal support system Notre-Dame, begun 1163. Fig. 7-8.

6. Gothic: France Example: Stained glass window Lux nova Stories of the faith Virgin Mary Bar tracery Rose window and lancets, Chartres Cathedral, ca. 1220. Fig. 7-11.

7. Gothic: France Amiens Cathedral, begun 1220. Fig. 7-13.

8. Gothic: France Example: Gothic architects seek height Nave bays with arcade, triforium, and clerestory Rib vaults, colonettes, compound piers Flying buttresses outside Amiens Cathedral, begun 1220. Fig. 7-13.

9. Gothic: France Annunciation and Visitation, Reims Cathedral, ca. 1230–1255. Fig. 7-14.

10. Gothic: France Example: Portal jamb sculpture Compare to Royal Portal at Chartres Increasing naturalism Figures released from vertical support Influence of classical sculpture Cult of Mary: Visitation Annunciation and Visitation, Reims Cathedral, ca. 1230–1255. Fig. 7-14.

11. Gothic: France Sainte-Chapelle, 1243–1248. Fig. 7-15.

12. Gothic: France Example: Skeletal support Walls replaced by stained glass Rib vaults, mullions Rayonnant style Sainte-Chapelle, 1243–1248. Fig. 7-15.

13. Gothic: France Blanche of Castile, Louis IX, and two monks, 1226–1234. Fig. 7-18.

14. Gothic: France Example: Illuminated manuscript Produced in urban workshops Luxury books for private patrons Contemporary architectural style Courtly elegance Blanche of Castile, Louis IX, and two monks, 1226–1234. Fig. 7-18.