1. CLEANSED CLEANSED LIFE + (2014-2015) Carlos García Izquierdo. CEBAS-CSIC (PARTNER) PARTNER CSIC (CEBAS-CSIC) Project LIFE12 ENV/IT/000652 Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road building

2. CEBAS-CSIC (Murcia, Spain) CSIC Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura OUR INSTITUT: CEBAS-CSIC CEBAS CAMPUS UNIVERSITARIO

3. CEBAS LABORATORIES CULTURE CHAMBERS PILOT PLANT EXOERIMENTAL FIELD

4. Dr. Carlos Garcia Dra. Teresa Hernández Dr. J. Moreno Dr. Felipe Bastida Lda. Mª Dolores Coll Lda. Carmen Chocano Eva Andreu CEBAS-CSIC (CLEANSED)

5. ANALYSIS ON SAMPLES AND MICROCOSM EXPERIMENT: Analysis on contaminated sediments (General analysis) Analysis on contaminated sediments (General analysis) and treated sediments and treated sediments ACTIONS FOR CLEANSED FROM CEBAS-CSIC Chemical analysis: pH, CE, OM, TOC, soluble C, Physical analysis: Humidity, bulk density, water holding capacity, water curves, Toxicological analysis: Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb Nutritional and elemental analysis: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Na, Fe Plant phytotoxic test (Petri plate). Germination index on 2 different seeds (Lepidium sativun and Hordeum vulgare). Biological parameter. Microbial respiration MICROCOSM EXPERIMENTS

6. SEDIMENTS AFTER TREATMENT (fresh landfarming: T0, T1 and T6) ANALYSIS FROM CEBAS-CSIC ON T6 SAMPLES (samples after treatment)

7. Sediments after treatment: Basic pH (>8) and EC ( 8) and EC (<5 mS/cm). Humidity between 14-20%

8. There is some variability in the value of these parameters, but it can be considered acceptable. The quantities of soluble C (100-190 ppm) and N (3-20 ppm) are very scarce

9. Also some variability in total elements measured in sediments can be observed in these figures

10. The most abundant anions measured in sediments after treatment was SO 4 -2 and clorures.

11. PHYTOTOXICITY: PLANT TEST PHYTOTOXICITY ASSAY Germinatión seeds en placas petri Lolium perenne Hordeum vulgare SEDIMENT 5 days incubation 28 ºC and humidity * % germinated seeds * Roots Germination Index

12. In general, the Germination Index determined in our samples was >80%. It indicates that the sediment did not show toxicity.

13. The metabolic activity of the sediments, measured as microbial respiration, showd the lowest values

14. Balancing the air and water contents has been one of the biggest problems facing greenhouse growers. The substrate can greatly influence the air and water content in the root zone. For this reason, mixtures used in greenhouses are fairly close in total porosity; usually between 80 and 90%.

15. SEDIMENTS AFTER TREATMENT MIXTURE: SOIL + SEDIMENT ANALYSIS FROM CEBAS-CSIC ON SAMPLES FROM NURSERY Control soil, T33 and T50 (three different speriments)

16. The addition of the sediment to the soil decreased the pH value and increased the EC (salinity)

17. Total organic C was higher in T33 and T50 than control soil, but the increase was very scarce. Soluble N value is between 150-200 ppm in all samples.

18. Soluble Elements in soil/sediment: > Ca, S, K, Mg and Na < Al, Fe No problem with heavy metals

19. Total Elements: Soil/sediments: > Ca, Al, Mg No problem with heavy metals

21. Control soil: > phosphate, fluorure Soil/sediment: > sulphate, nitrate

22. PHYTOTOXICITY: PLANT TEST PHYTOTOXICITY ASSAY Germinatión seeds en placas petri Lolium perenne Hordeum vulgare SEDIMENT 5 days incubation 28 ºC and humidity * % germinated seeds * Roots Germination Index

23. Some extracts (T33 and T50) showed a positive effect on seed germination (Germination Index) and root lengh on control soil.

24. Microbial respiration was higher In T33 and T50 that control soil. The metabolic activity increased with the sediment addition.

25. WHC in soil/sediments was higuer that control soil only on T50. Soil/ Sediments increased the cationic exchange capacity on control soil

26. NºNameNºName 1 Cont.1 0-15 Vib 19 Cont.2 0-15 Vib 2 Cont.1 15-30 Vib 20 Cont.2 15-30 Vib 3 Cont.1 0-15 Phot 21 Cont.2 0-15 Phot 4 Cont.1 15-30 Phot 22 Cont.2 15-30 Phot 5 Cont.1 0-15 Elea 23 Cont.2 0-15 Elea 6 Cont.1 15-30 Elea 24 Cont.2 15-30 Elea 7 T33-1 0-15 Vib 25 T33-2 0-15 Vib 8 T33-1 15-30 Vib 26 T33-2 15-30 Vib 9 T33-1 0-15 Phot 27 T33-2 0-15 Phot 10 T33-1 0-15 Phot 28 T33-2 0-15 Phot 11 T33-1 0-15 Elea 29 T33-2 0-15 Elea 12 T33-1 15-30 Elea 30 T33-2 15-30 Elea 13 T50-1 0-15 Vib 31 T50-2 0-15 Vib 14 T50-1 15-30 Vib 32 T50-2 15-30 Vib 15 T50-1 0-15 Phot 33 T50-2 0-15 Phot 16 T50-1 15-30 Phot 34 T50-2 15-30 Phot 17 T50-1 0-15 Elea 35 T50-2 0-15 Elea 18 T50-1 15-30 Elea 36 T50-2 15-30 Elea Vib--> Viburnum tinus Phot--> Photinia x fraseri Elea--> Eleagnus macrophylla SEDIMENTS AFTER TREATMENT (MIXTURE: SOIL + SEDIMENT) ANALYSIS FROM CEBAS-CSIC ON SAMPLES FROM NURSERY Control, T33 and T50 (36 samples)

27. DIFERENCES BETWEEN CONTROL SOIL AND SOIL/SEDIMENT: YES

28. DIFERENCES BETWEEN CONTROL SOIL AND SOIL:SEDIMENT: NO

29. DIFERENCES BETWEEN CONTROL SOIL AND SOIL:SEDIMENT: YES

30. DIFERENCES BETWEEN CONTROL SOIL AND SOIL:SEDIMENT: YES

31. DIFERENCES BETWEEN CONTROL SOIL AND SOIL:SEDIMENT: YES

32. DIFERENCES BETWEEN CONTROL SOIL AND SOIL:SEDIMENT: NO (all samples, 100% germination index)

34. EDAPHIC BIOSTIMULANT To increase micror- ganisms such as aero- bic bacteria, micorri- zation,… To improve the structure of the decontaminated sediment SEDIMENT AS AMENDMENT FOR SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM To increase sediment quality, fertility and productivity AMENDMENTS FOR SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM DECONTAMINATED SEDIMENT ADITIVES Organic and inorganics Inorganic aditive Organic aditive

35. SOIL/SEDIMENTSOIL/SEDIMENT1RYE-GRASS100/028 LETTUCE ( 100/0 2100/029100/0 3100/030100/0 475/253175/25 575/253275/25 675/253375/25 750/503450/50 850/503550/50 950/503650/50 1025/753725/75 1125/753825/75 1225/753925/75 130/100400/100 140/100410/100 150/100420/100 160/100*430/100* 170/100*440/100* 180/100*450/100* 1975/25*4675/25* 2075/25*4775/25* 2175/25*4875/25* 2250/50*4950/50* 2350/50*5050/50* 2450/50*5150/50* 2525/75*5225/75* 2625/75*5325/75* 2725/75*5425/75* * PLOTS WITH MIXTURE MIXTURE 45% COMPOST 10% CEREAL RESIDUE 45% SOIL MIXTURE: SOIL/SEDIMENT/COMPOST/ CEREAL DEBRIS FIRST RESULTS

41. PRELIMINAR CONCLUSIONS 1)We need to carry out some esperiment for several vegetal type 2)It seems that sediment could have some phytohormonal compounds 3)In a mixture with compost, the salinity of this product can be a risk. We need to do new mixture with more plant debris and more sediments We need to do new mixture with more plant debris and more sediments

42. “CONDIZIONATO” SI “CONDIZIONATO” PER VALORIZZARE I NOSTRI RESIDUI USO RAZIONALE E LOGICO DI QUESTI MATERIALI: “NON TUTTO PUÓ ESSERE VALIDO” (MONITORAGGIO) -- Analisi esaustiva dei residui (MONITORAGGIO) (PUNTO CHIAVE) -- Ottimizzazione per dosi e management (PUNTO CHIAVE) -- Conoscenza per il terreno -- Controllo successivo EVITARE RISCHI PER L’AMBIENTE E GLI UOMINI INFORMAZIONE // RICERCA // NORMATIVE

43. -- A TREATMENT ON SEDIMENTS SHOULD BE REALIZED. LANDFARMING AND PHYTORREMEDIATION IS CONSIDERED ADEQUATE FOR SEDIMENTS. AND PHYTORREMEDIATION IS CONSIDERED ADEQUATE FOR SEDIMENTS. -- TREATED SEDIMENTS COULD BE USED IN NURSERY, MIXED WITH SOIL -- POSSIBILITY OF USING THE TREATED SEDIMENT AS SUBSTRATE OR TECNOSOIL, MIXED WITH OTHER ADDITIVES TECNOSOIL, MIXED WITH OTHER ADDITIVES 1)WE CAN ANALYSE HEAVY METAL (ALL ELEMENTS) SOLUBLE AND TOTALS 2)TECNOSOILS: WHAT ABOUT IT?? 3) COMPOSTING PROCESS WITH SEDIMENTS COULD BE ASSAYED WHAT WE WILL DO NOW?? (PARTIAL) CONCLUSIONS

44. CEBAS WORKING GROUP THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION