1. Transport Chapter 9 How does stuff get in and out of a cell through the cell membrane?

2. Bilayer

3. Which one?

4. Freeze

5. Fluid Mosaic Model

6. Cell Membrane Controls what enters & leaves the cell Only certain kinds of molecules can go across = ____________________ SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE (Semi-permeable)

7. How do molecules move? All molecules will move automatically from a region of ______ concentration to a region of ______concentration. _______________ HIGH LOW DIFFUSION

8. What if the HIGH and LOW places are on different sides of a cell membrane? Molecules will still go from HIGH to LOW if the cell membrane will let them through!

9. PROBLEM WITH CELLS What if a cell needs a molecule that can’t pass through the cell membrane easily?

10. Need a way to move molecules across that can’t go by DIFFUSION _____________________________ : _______________ : Carrier Proteins Vesicles INTEGRAL PROTEINS that help molecules go across Small membrane sacs that carry molecules

11. 2 KINDS of TRANSPORT ______________ TRANSPORT Does NOT require energy _____________ TRANSPORT Requires energy PASSIVE ACTIVE

12. Some molecules can just pass right through the bilayer using DIFFUSION EXAMPLE: ___________________oxygen, carbon dioxide

13. Carrier Proteins

14. Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion PASSIVE TRANSPORT

15. DIFFUSION

16. OSMOSIS When water molecules move across membrane from HIGH to LOW it is called ___________________ OSMOSIS

17. FACILITATED DIFFUSION

18. PASSIVE (No energy needed) HIGHER TO LOWER CARRIER PROTEINS GRAB & FLIP IT ACROSS EXAMPLE: _________________ GLUCOSE

19. PROBLEM WITH CELLS What if cell needs to move from LOW to HIGH? What if cell needs to move it fast and not wait? NEED TO ADD __________ IF YOU WANT A MOLECULE TO MOVE IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION IT NATURALLY GOES! ENERGY

20. What organelle supplies the energy?

21. ACTIVE TRANSPORT Na+-K+ Pump (Carrier Protein) Exocytosis Endocytosis

22. CARRIER PROTEINS

23. SODIUM-POTASSIUM PUMP (Carrier Protein) ACTIVE (Uses energy) USES CARRIER PROTEIN Special just for Na + and K + ions Examples in cells: 3 Na + are pumped out of cells at same time 2 K + are taken into cells

24. ENDOCYTOSIS Brings substances into cell ACTIVE VESICLES CARRY MOLECULES INTO CELL –Fluid, molecules = Pinocytosis –large particles or whole cells = Phagocytosis Examples in cells: –one celled organisms eat this way –white blood cells destroy bacteria this way

25. Endocytosis

26. EXOCYTOSIS Substances are released outside of cell ACTIVE VESICLES CARRY & RELEASE MOLECULES Examples in cells: –GOLGI BODIES release packaged proteins

27. Exocytosis INSIDE CELLOUTSIDE CELL

28. VESICLES

29. 3 Types of OSMOSIS

30. OSMOSIS ISOTONIC: Concentration outside cell ____________ concentration inside cell Water entering = water leaving so cell _____________________ EQUALS STAYS THE SAME SIZE

31. OSMOSIS HYPERTONIC: Concentration outside cell is ____________________ inside cell More water leaves cell than enters so cell shrinks ______________________ GREATER THAN = PLASMOLYSIS

32. OSMOSIS HYPOTONIC: Concentration outside cell is ________________ inside the cell More water enters than leaves cell so cell expands and can burst ___________________ LESS THAN = CYTOLYSIS

33. Animal cells Isotonic HypertonicHypotonic

34. Plant cells HypotonicHypertonic Isotonic

35. IS IT ISO, HYPO, or HYPER?

36. THE END