1. Transport Chapter 5 How does stuff get in and out of a cell through the cell membrane?

2. How do molecules move? All molecules will move automatically from a region of ______ concentration to a region of ______concentration. _______________ HIGH LOW DIFFUSION

4. What if the HIGH and LOW places are on different sides of a cell membrane? Molecules will still go from HIGH to LOW if the cell membrane will let them through!

5. Some molecules can just pass right through the bilayer using DIFFUSION EXAMPLE: ___________________ oxygen, carbon dioxide

6. OSMOSIS When water molecules move across membrane from HIGH to LOW it is called ___________________ OSMOSIS

7. Cell Membrane Controls what enters & leaves the cell Only certain kinds of molecules can go across = ______________ SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE (Semi-permeable)

8. PROBLEM WITH CELLS What if a cell needs a molecule that can’t pass through the cell membrane easily?

9. Not all molecules can pass through easily

10. Need a way to move molecules across that can’t go by DIFFUSION ___________________________ Carrier Proteins Vesicles INTEGRAL PROTEINS that help molecules go across Small membrane sacs that carry molecules

11. 2 KINDS of TRANSPORT ______________ TRANSPORT Does NOT require energy _____________ TRANSPORT Requires energy PASSIVE ACTIVE

12. VESICLES(vacuoles)

13. CARRIER PROTEINS PERIPHERAL INTEGRAL

14. FACILITATED DIFFUSION Image from: http://bio.winona_msus.edu/berg/ANIMTNS/Directry.htm

15. FACILITATED DIFFUSION PASSIVE (No energy needed) HIGHER TO LOWER CARRIER PROTEINS GRAB & FLIP IT ACROSS EXAMPLE: _________________ GLUCOSE

16. ION CHANNEL Image from: http://bio.winona_msus.edu/berg/ANIMTNS/Directry.htm

17. ION CHANNELS PASSIVE (No energy needed) HIGHER TO LOWER CARRIER PROTEINS MAKE A PASSAGEWAY Examples in cells : _______________________ Na +, Cl -, Ca + +, K +

18. PROBLEM WITH CELLS What if cell needs to move from LOW to HIGH? What if cell needs to move it fast and not wait? NEED TO ADD __________ IF YOU WANT A MOLECULE TO MOVE IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION IT NATURALLY GOES! ENERGY

19. What organelle supplies the energy?

20. Na + and K + PUMP Image from: http://bio.winona_msus.edu/b e rg/ANIMTNS/Directry.htm

21. SODIUM-POTASSIUM PUMP ACTIVE (Uses energy) USES CARRIER PROTEIN Special just for Na + and K + ions Examples in cells: 3 Na + are pumped out of cells at same time 2 K + are taken into cells

22. VESICLES

23. ENDOCYTOSIS Brings substances into cell ACTIVE VESICLES CARRY MOLECULES INTO CELL –Fluid, molecules = Pinocytosis –large particles or whole cells = Phagocytosis Examples in cells: –one celled organisms eat this way –white blood cells destroy bacteria this way

24. Endocytosis

25. EXOCYTOSIS Substances are released outside of cell ACTIVE VESICLES CARRY & RELEASE MOLECULES Examples in cells: –GOLGI BODIES release packaged proteins

26. Exocytosis INSIDE CELLOUTSIDE CELL

27. Endocytosis & Exocytosis http://grossmont.gcccd.cc.ca.us/cmilgrim/Bio120/Outline/ Outline2.gif/TransportMedia/EndoExocytosisMovie.htm

28. Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion Ion Channels PASSIVE TRANSPORT

29. DIFFUSION WITHOUT a membrane PASSIVE HIGH TO LOW NO CARRIER PROTEINS NO VESICLES ANY MOLECULES BUT WATER

30. DIFFUSION ACROSS a membrane PASSIVE HIGH TO LOW NO CARRIER PROTEINS NO VESICLES ANY MOLECULES BUT WATER

31. OSMOSIS PASSIVE HIGH TO LOW NO CARRIER PROTEINS NO VESICLES FOR WATER MOLECULES

32. FACILITATED DIFFUSION PASSIVE HIGH TO LOW USES CARRIER PROTEINS Image from: http://bio.winona_msus.edu/berg/ANIMTNS/Directry.htm

33. ION CHANNELS PASSIVE HIGH TO LOW NO VESICLES USES CARRIER PROTEINS FOR IONS Image from: http://bio.winona_msus.edu/berg/ANIMTNS/Directry.htm

34. ACTIVE TRANSPORT Na+-K+ Pump Exocytosis Endocytosis Pinocytosis Phagocytosis

35. SODIUM-POTASSIUM PUMP ACTIVE USES CARRIER PROTEIN Special just for Na + and K + ions Image from: http://bio.winona_msus.edu/berg/ANIMTNS/Directry.htm

36. EXOCYTOSIS & ENDOCYTOSIS ACTIVE (Need energy) USES VESICLES

37. Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion Ion Channels PASSIVE TRANSPORT ACTIVE TRANSPORT Na+-K+ Pump Exocytosis Endocytosis Pinocytosis Phagocytosis

39. THE END

40. OSMOSIS Image from: http://bio.winona_msus.edu/berg/ANIMTNS/Directry.htm

41. OSMOSIS ISOTONIC: Concentration outside cell ____________ concentration inside cell Water entering = water leaving so cell _____________________ EQUALS STAYS THE SAME SIZE

42. OSMOSIS HYPERTONIC: Concentration outside cell is ____________________ inside cell More water leaves cell than enters so cell shrinks ______________________ GREATER THAN = PLASMOLYSIS

43. OSMOSIS HYPOTONIC: Concentration outside cell is ________________ inside the cell More water enters than leaves cell so cell expands and can burst ___________________ LESS THAN = CYTOLYSIS

44. Animal cells

45. Plant cells

46. IS IT ISO, HYPO, HYPER? Named for LIQUID concentration NOT cell concentration

47. More solute OUTSIDE than inside cell HYPERTONIC Cell will shrink (PLASMOLYSIS)

48. LESS solute OUTSIDE than inside cell HYPOTONIC Cell will swell & burst (CYTOLYSIS)

49. EQUAL inside and outside ISOTONIC Cell stays the same size

50. Really THE END