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The Thirty Years War 1618-1648 ► The Thirty Years War began in 1618 and ended in 1648 ► It was a religious conflict between the Protestants and Catholics.

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Presentation on theme: "The Thirty Years War 1618-1648 ► The Thirty Years War began in 1618 and ended in 1648 ► It was a religious conflict between the Protestants and Catholics."— Presentation transcript:

1

2 The Thirty Years War 1618-1648

3 ► The Thirty Years War began in 1618 and ended in 1648 ► It was a religious conflict between the Protestants and Catholics of Central Europe ► It involved most of the European powers but was fought mainly on German territory

4 ► The War began because of religious, territorial, and dynastic conflicts ► It started with an uprising of the Protestant nobles of Bohemia against King Ferdinand of Bohemia ► It spread throughout Europe eventually involving all of the Holy Roman Empire  It consisted of a series of conflicts that spanned thirty years  With most of the conflicts being fought in Germany

5 Germany (1618)

6 ► Significant Battles on German Territory  Stadholn (1623) -Lutzen (1632)  Hochst (1622) -Breintenfeld (1631)  Heidelberg (1622) -Dessau (1626)  Nordlingen (1634) -Lutter (1626)  White Mountain (1620) -Usedom (1630)

7 A War-Torn town in Germany

8 Bohemian Revolt ► The war started when Protestant Nobles, fearing persecution from Catholic king Ferdinand, rebelled in the Bohemian city of Prague. ► By August 17, 1619 King Ferdinand of Bohemia had been replaced by the Palatine Elector Frederick V as king of Bohemia

9 The War Spreads ► The war quickly started spilling over into western Germany as the Bohemians joined with the Protestant Union ► At the same time the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand, asked for assistance from his nephew King Phillip VI of Spain for support

10 Denmark Joins the War ► The Protestant Danes, fearing their sovereignty due to the recent Catholic advances, entered the war in 1625 ► The Danes withdrew from the war in 1629 ► They signed the Treaty of Lubreck and abandoned their support of the Protestants

11 Swedish Intervention ► In 1630 the Protestant Swedes, under Gustavus Adolphus, invaded Germany in hopes of:  Weakening the growing Empire  Gaining economical superiority around the Baltic Sea  And in fear of a Catholic expansion into their land

12 ► Adolphus was killed in the Battle of Lutzen in 1632 ► Lacking in leadership due to the death of Adolphus, the Swedes lost the Battle of Nordlingen ► This led to the Peace of Prague in 1635

13 French Invasion ► With the Swedes retraction from the war, the French started war against Spain in 1635 and against the Hapsburgs in 1636 ► The Catholic French entered the war against their fellow Catholics for political reasons -if the Hapsburgs conquered Germany France would have been surrounded

14 Treaty ► In 1648 the Peace of Westphalia ended the war and granted each German state the right to chose their religion ► The Peace of Westphalia was born of the first modern diplomatic congress ► It introduced a new peace order in Central Europe that was built on nation-state sovereignty ► The regulations of the new system of constitution lasted within the Holy Roman Empire until 1806 ► The Peace of Westphalia referred to two peace treaties  Treaty of Osnabruck signed on May 15, 1648  Treaty of Munster signed on October 24, 1648

15 ► With the signing of the Treaty of Westphalia, Germany had lost over 30% of its population ► As a result of the war, German agriculture, commerce and industry were greatly weakened, as was the Holy Roman Empire

16 bibliography ► http://www.pipeline.com/~cwa/TYWHome. htm http://www.pipeline.com/~cwa/TYWHome. htm http://www.pipeline.com/~cwa/TYWHome. htm ► http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1- ThirtyYe.html http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1- ThirtyYe.html http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1- ThirtyYe.html ► http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty_Years'_ War http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty_Years'_ War http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty_Years'_ War

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