1. Abu Bakr Al-Siddiqi
By: Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal, Kinzah Fatima, Muhammad Khan,
Zafir Kabbani, and Amir Hijawi

2. People Abu Bakr: Umar: Ali bin Talib:
First Caliph to rule in the Islamic Empire
Best missionary in Islam after the Prophet (SAW)
He was Caliph for 2 years
Expanded the least amount of Islam
Umar:
One of the wealthiest and bravest Sahaba at the time
2nd Caliph to rule over the Islamic Empire
Conquered Jerusalem and Damascus
Accomplishment
Ali bin Talib:
Cousin and son in law of the Prophet (SAW)
Caliph for 5 years
Respected by Sunni’s and Shia’s
Last Caliph to rule in the Islamic Empire

3. Timeline 570-571 Prophet Muhammad was born. 573 Abu Bakr was born. 625
The Battle of Uhud took place.
629
The Battle of Khaybar took place.
630
The Conquest of Makkah took place.
The Battle of Tabuk took place.
632
Abu Bakr becomes Caliph.
Prophet Muhammad died.
634
Omar becomes Caliph.
Abu Bakr died.
644
Othman becomes Caliph.
656
Ali becomes Caliph.

4. Events 632 Abu Bakr as a caliph:
- He was chosen as the prophet’s successor.
- Chosen by Ansars and Quraish.
Prophets Muhammad's death:
- He was extremely ill.
-He was still beautiful even at his last days.
Sickness before death:
- He was awfully ill before death.
- He felt very tired.

5. Islam expanded all over Europe and Asia
Geography
Islam expanded all over Europe and Asia
Saudi Arabia
Iran
Iraq
Libya
All of the Caliphs had spread Islam in some way. The Caliphs spread Islam north, south, east, and west.
Egypt
Pakistan
Turkey
Afghanistan

6. Artifacts All Caliphs wore turbans.
Islamic Calligraphy was very famous.
All Caliphs wore
turbans.
The Companions would fight with swords.

7. Fun Facts First male to convert. Prophets best friend.
Died same age as the Prophet.
Accompanied the prophet (s) during his migration.
Daughter married to Prophet.
Abu Bakr was the Muslim leader after the prophet.
First to compile the Quran in one book.

8. Quotes
“ Have an earnestness for death and you will have life.”-Abu Bakr
“ He who aspires to paradise should learn to deal with people with kindness.”-Abu Bakr
“ Do not look down upon any Muslim, for even the most inferior believer is great in the eyes of god.”-Abu Bakr
“ Be good to others, that will protect you against evil.”-Abu Bakr

9. By: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi
Al-Jazari
By: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi

10. Background He was a: Scholar Inventor Mechanical engineer Craftsman
Artist
Mathematician
Astronomer
Writer
From Al-Jazira, Mesopotamia
Best known for his book
Real name:
al-Shaykh Ra'is al-A`mal Badi`al-Zaman Abu al-'Izz ibn Isma`il
ibn al-Razzaz al-Jazari

11. Crankshaft and crank-slider
Inventions:
Clocks
Camshaft
Crankshaft and crank-slider mechanism
Saqiya chain pumps
Water supply system
Drink serving waitress
Musical robot band
Peacock fountain with automated servant
Hand washing automaton with flush mechanism
Crankshaft and crank-slider
mechanism
Castle clocks

12. Greek water technology
Elephant Clock
CULTURAL REALATIONS:
Indian Elephant
Chinese serpents
Arabian architecture
Greek water technology
Height:
8.5 meters high

13. How does the elephant clock work?

14. Comparing Clocks
No need for people to keep track of the clock! These clocks are automatically timed!

15. Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices
Document about devices & tools.
Written in 1206.
Described many mechanical devices.

16. Artifacts
Saqiya Chain Pumps
Elephant Clock
Castle Clock

17. By: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, Zafir Kabbani
Ibn Al- Haythem
By: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, Zafir Kabbani

18. Abu Ali Al-Hasan Ibn Al-Haythem
Background
Born: 965 CE  Basra, Iraq
Died: 1040 CE Cairo, Egypt
Residence:
- Basra, Iraq
-Cairo, Egypt
Jobs:
- Physicist
- Mathematician
- Astronomer
Full Name:
Abu Ali Al-Hasan Ibn Al-Haythem

19. Do you want to learn how to make an Obscura?
The Obscura
Optical device
Pin hole camera
Reflection in mirror
Do you want to learn how to make an Obscura?

20. Comparison
Obscura
2011 Camera

21. Accomplishment (Kitab Al-Manazir) seven-volume treatise
Optics, physics, mathematics, anatomy, and psychology

22. The Book Of Optics Talks about the vision and studies of the eye
Written in
Important influence on the developments of optics
“Pioneer of the modern scientific method” and “The founder of  experimental physics”

23. Artifacts “The Book Of Optics” Two pages of the book
How the obscura works
“The Book Of Optics”
Two pages of the book

24. Bibliography Abu Bakr: AL Jazari: Ibn Al Haythem:
AL Jazari:
Ibn Al Haythem:

25. We Hope You Enjoyed Our Presentation
Credits
Abu Bakr Big Books: Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal, Kinzah Fatima, Zafir Kabbani, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi
Abu Bakr Power Point: Hiba Masfaka and Aqsa Kanwal
Al Jazari Power Point: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi
Ibn Al Haythem Power Point: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani
Power Point Animations: Hiba Masfaka, and Kinzah Fatima
Banners: Kinzah Fatima, Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal, Zafir Kabbani, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi
Al Jazari Poster: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi
Ibn Al Haythem Poster: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani
Abu Bakr Artifacts: Aqsa Kanwal and Hiba Masfaka
Al Jazari Artifacts: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi
Ibn Al Haythem Artifacts: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani
Pictures: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani
We Hope You Enjoyed Our Presentation