1. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Delmar Learning Chapter 14 Seeing and Hearing The Ocular and Auditory Systems

2. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Delmar Learning Functions of the Eye The ocular system is responsible for vision The combining forms for eye or sight are opt/i, opt/o, optic/o, ocul/o, and ophthalm/o

3. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Delmar Learning Structures of the Eye The accessory structures of the eye include –orbit –eye muscles –eyelids or palpebrae belphar/o is the combining form –eyelashes –conjunctiva conjunctiv/o is the combining form –lacrimal apparatus lacrim/o and dacry/o are the combining forms

4. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Delmar Learning Structures of the Eye The structures of the eyeball include –sclera = outer layer Combining form is scler/o The transparent, anterior portion is called the cornea –Combining form for cornea is corne/o –choroid = middle layer Consists of blood vessels, iris, pupil, lens, and ciliary body Combining form is choroid/o –retina = inner layer Nervous tissue layer that receives images Combining form is retin/o

5. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Delmar Learning Structures of the Eye

6. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Delmar Learning Eye Chambers The eye is divided into parts: –Anterior segment contains aqueous humor anterior chamber posterior chamber –Vitreous chamber contains vitreous humor

7. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Delmar Learning Medical Terms for the Ocular System Additional terms for ocular system tests, pathology, and procedures can be found in the text Review the Flash! CD program to make sure you understand these terms

8. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Delmar Learning Functions of the Ear The ear is the sensory organ that enables hearing and helps to maintain balance The combining forms for ear are audit/o, aud/i, and ot/o The combining forms for sound or hearing are acoust/o and acous/o

9. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Delmar Learning Outer Ear Structures Pinna –Catches sound waves and transmits sound waves –Pinn/i is the combining form –Aur/i and aur/o also mean external ear External auditory canal –Tube that transmits sound from the pinna to the tympanic membrane –Glands secrete cerumen here

10. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Delmar Learning Middle Ear Structures Tympanic membrane –“Eardrum” –Transmits sound waves to the ossicles –tympan/o and myring/o both mean eardrum Auditory ossicles –malleus, incus, and stapes Eustachian tube –Equalizes air and middle ear pressure Oval window Round window Tympanic bulla –osseous chamber that houses the middle ear

11. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Delmar Learning Inner Ear Structures Bony labyrinth –vestibule balance and equilibrium –semicircular canals regulate equilibrium –cochlea organ of hearing

12. Copyright © 2006 Thomson Delmar Learning Medical Terms for the Auditory System Additional terms for auditory system tests, pathology, and procedures can be found in the text Review the Flash! CD program to make sure you understand these terms