1. Acid-Base Equilibria pH and pOH Relationship of Conjugate Pair acid-base strength. When acids or bases control pH:  determine K  predict pH When pH controls acid/base state:  predict acid/base state  use acid/base state to determine pH Buffer action pH titration curves

3. pH/pOH Calculations [H 3 O + ][OH - ] = 1.0 x 10 -14 pH = -log[H 3 O + ] pOH = -log[OH - ] [H 3 O + ] = 10 -pH [OH - ] = 10 -pH pH + pOH = 14.00 What is the pH of a solution with [H 3 O + ] = 4.6 x 10 -5 What is the pOH of a solution with [OH - ] = 3.3 x 10 -4 What is the pOH of a solution with [H 3 O + ] = 2.4 x 10 -3 What is [H 3 O + ] when pH = 4.2

4. Strong acids and bases For strong acid solutions, [H 3 O + ] = [acid] (except for H 2 SO 4 ) For strong bases LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, [OH - ] = [base] For strong bases Ca(OH) 2, Ba(OH) 2, etc., [OH - ] = 2 x [base]

6. What is the pH when [H 3 O + ] = 0.045 M? 1.0.045 2.13.995 3.-1.35 4.1.35

7. What is the pH when [OH - ] = 6.5 x 10 -4 M? 1.3.18 2.-3.18 3.10.81 4.15.18

8. What is the [H 3 O + ] when pH = 3.66 M? 1.2.18 x 10 -4 2.10.34 3.4570 4.3.66

9. What is the [OH - ] when pH = 5.84 M? 1.1.45 x 10 8 2.3.31 x 10 -6 3.6.92 x 10 -9 4.5.84

10. What is the pH of a 0.150 M solution of HCl?

11. What is the pH of a 0.150 M solution of Ca(OH) 2 ?

12. Acid-Base Equilibria Bronsted Acid: H + (proton) donor Bronsted Base: H + acceptor Acid-Base reactions: H + transfer reaction Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs: acid conjugate base HFF - NH 4 + NH 3

13. What is the conjugate base of HNO 2 ? 1.H 2 NO 2 + 2.HNO 3 3.NO 2 -

14. What is the conjugate acid of HPO 4 2- ? 1.H 2 PO 4 - 2.H 3 PO 4 3.PO 4 3-

15. What is the conjugate base of HPO 4 2- ? 1.H 2 PO 4 - 2.H 3 PO 4 3.PO 4 3-

16. Acid-Base Strength: Depends on Equilibrium Constant

18. Trends in relative acid/base strength for conjugate pairs.

19. Determining the K a Value What is the value of K a for an acid, HA, for which a 0.240 M solution has a pH of 3.28?

20. Determining K b : A 0.300 M solution of a weak base has a pH of 9.20. What is K b ?

21. What is the pH of a 0.150 M solution of HF?

22. What is the pH of a 0.150 M solution of HCN?

23. What is the pH of a 0.150 M solution of NH 3 ?

24. Polyprotic Acids H 2 CO 3 HCO 3 - CO 3 2- H 3 PO 4 H 2 PO 4 - HPO 4 2- PO 4 3-