1. Thursday, September 6th 2.4.6 day Will not be here tomorrow (Friday) – Those who need to take the test- Monday/Tuesday before or after school (7:00 or 2:15) Agenda: – Growing Unrest in the Republic Notes – Engineering an Empire video – Have a great weekend

2. Friday, September 7 th Happy Friday! You have a sub today…BE RESPECTFUL! – If they feel the need to write down your name for ANY REASON, I will write a referral for you on Monday- NO QUESTIONS – Follow their instructions To do Today – Notes (1 st 20 minutes) – Engineering an Empire (remaining time of class)

3. Goals: Understand how the Republic of Rome led to revolts. Understand the impact of slavery in Rome. View how the empire of Rome was engineered (video)

4. Growing Unrest in Rome

5. The Senate By 2 nd century B.C., the Senate had become the governing body of the Roman State. Members were mostly the wealthy landed aristocracy Remained senators for life In charge of the wars, foreign and domestic affairs – Regular people, or plebeians, did not like this

6. Growing Unrest Senate was controlled by the wealthy Small farmers were unable to compete with large, wealthy landowners and lost their land – (kind of like Wal-Mart!) Wealthy land owners used slave labor, which meant they made more money for less labor Landless farmers drifted into the cities, creating a large class of poor

7. Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus Two brothers Urged the Council of Plebs to pass alnd-reform bills – Called for the government to take back public land held by large landowners and give it to the landless Romans (poor) RESULT: Senators were furious They later killed both brothers

8. The reforms of the Gracchus brothers angered the senate, which saw them as a threat to its power. The brothers and thousands of their followers were killed in waves of street violence set off by senators and their hired thugs.

9. A New Role for the Army Recruiting Armies in new ways 107 B.C., General Marius became consul – Recruited his armies by promising the rural poor that he would give them land if they swore an oath to HIM, not to Rome. Result: This type of army was not in government control. – More power in the hands of the generals

10. Lucius Cornelius Sulla Was given command of a war in Asia by the Senate – The council of plebs tried to stop this – Instead, he took over Rome with his army, and conducted a reign of terror. He restored power to the Senate, and eliminated the power of people in assemblies. – Legacy= Seize power with an army

11. The Wealthy Class Built lavish mansions – luxuries Huge estates; called latifundia. Those captured in war to work as slaves

12. The widespread use of slave labor= hurt small farmers – Were unable to produce food as cheaply The farmers’ problems : – huge quantities of grain pouring in from the conquered lands drove down grain prices. – Many farmers fell into debt and had to sell their land

13. Slavery in Ancient Rome

14. What they did: landless farmers flocked to Rome and other cities looking for jobs. There, they joined an already restless class of unemployed people. As the gap between rich and poor widened, angry mobs began to riot. In addition, the new wealth led to increased corruption.

15. Slave Labor