1. xml:tm XML Text Memory Using XML technology to reduce the cost of translating XML documents

2. Machine Translation Translation Memory Hybrid Linguistic Inferencing Engines Terminology Computational Linguistic Methodologies

3. Automating Translation Machine translation 40 year history Rigorous control of grammar and terminology can produce very good results Enormous amount of work left to achieve free format translation.

4. Translation Memory Align source and target text Look up new text against memory Relatively primitive technology No advance over past 30 years Need for proofing Proprietary translation memory formats

5. XML inherently easier to translate Separation of form and content Support for Unicode and other international encoding formats. Allows multiple output formats - PDF, XHTML, WAP Translating XML Documents

6. XML Translation Standards LISA - Localization Industry Standards Association: http://www.lisa.org OASIS - Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards: http://www.oasis-open.org W3C - World Wide Web Consortium: http://www.w3c.org OLIF Consortium: http://www.olif.net

7. LISA Standards TMX - Translation Memory Exchange format: http://www.lisa.org/tmx TBX - Termbase Exchange format: http://www.lisa.org/tbx SRX - Segmentation Rules Exchange format: http://www.lisa.org/srx GMX - GILT Metrics Exchange format: http://www.lisa.org/gmx

8. OASIS L10N Standards XLIFF - XML Localization Interchange File Format: http://www.oasis- open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=xli ff TransWS - Translation Web Services: http://www.oasis- open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=tra ns-ws http://www.oasis- open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=tra ns-ws DITA – Darwin Information Technology Architecture http://www.oasis- open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=dit ahttp://www.oasis- open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=d

9. W3C and OLIF W3C ITS http://www.w3.org/International/ http://www.w3.org/International/its OLIF - Open Lexicon Interchange Format: http://www.olif.net

10. XML namespace Major feature of XML Allows the mapping of different ontological entities onto the same representation Allows different ways to look at the same data Namespaces can be made transparent

11. xml:tm XML based text memory Revolutionary approach to translating XML documents First significant advance in translation memory technology Uses XML namespace to transparently embed contextual information

12. xml:tm namespace Text Memory namespace Can be mapped onto any XML document Vertical view of document in terms of ‘text segments’ Can be totally transparent xml:tm

13. xml:tm namespace xml:tm Example of the use of tm namespace in an XML document: Namespace is very flexible. It is very easy to use.

14. xml:tm namespace doc title section para text tm te sentence tu te sentence tu te sentence tu tm namespace view original document view te text tu text te sentence tu para text para text para text para text para text te sentence tu te sentence tu

15. xml:tm namespace Namespace is very simple. It is easy to use. te sentence tu original document view tm namespace view Namespace is very simple. It is easy to use. text

16. xml:tm Text Memory Author memory Maintain memory of source text Authoring statistics Authoring tool input Translation memory Automatic alignment Maintain perfect link of source and target text Reduce translation costs xml:tm

17. Updated Source Document tu id=”1” tu id=”3” tu id=”4” tu id=”7” tu id=”6” d eleted tu id=”8” new Source Document tu id=”1” tu id=”2” tu id=”3” tu id=”4” tu id=”5” tu id=”6” xml:tm DOM differencing origid=”5” modified

18. xml:tm Author Memory Namespace aware DOM differencing Identify changes from the previous version Unique text unit identifiers are maintained Modification history Text units can be loaded into a database Authoring environment integration xml:tm

19. xml:tm Translation Memory The tm namespace can be used to create XLIFF files Automatic alignment of source and target languages Allows for more focused translation matching –Perfect matching –Leveraged matching from document - identical text –Leveraged matching from database –Modified text unit matching –Linguistically enhanced fuzzy matching –Non translatable text unit identification xml:tm

20. xml:tm translation Source Document tu id=”1” tu id=”2” tu id=”3” tu id=”4” tu id=”5” tu id=”6” Translated Document tu id=”1” tu id=”2” tu id=”3” tu id=”4” tu id=”5” tu id=”6” XLIFF Document trans-unit id=”1” trans-unit id=”2” trans-unit id=”3” trans-unit id=”4” trans-unit id=”5” trans-unit id=”6”

21. doc title section para tekst tm te zdanie tu te zdanie tu te zdanie tu translated tm namespace view translated document view te tekst tu tekst te zdanie tu para tekst para tekst para tekst para tekst para tekst te zdanie tu te zdanie tu xml:tm translated document

22. Source Document tu id=”1” tu id=”2” tu id=”3” tu id=”4” tu id=”5” tu id=”6” Translated Document tu id=”1” tu id=”2” tu id=”3” tu id=”4” tu id=”5” tu id=”6” Perfect alignment xml:tm perfect alignment

23. Updated Source Document tu id=”1” tu id=”2” tu id=”3” tu id=”4” tu id=”7” tu id=”6” non trans tu id=”8” new:same Matched Target Document tu id=”1” tu id=”3” tu id=”4” tu id=”7” tu id=”6” tu id=”8” Perfect Matching requires translation requires proofing fuzzy match doc leveraged match tu id=”9” DB requires proofing DB leveraged match tu id=”2” requires no translation non translatable xml:tm matching

24. Traditional Translation Scenario xml:tm source text PublishingTranslation source text extract Extracted text tm process Prepared text Translate Translated text target text merge target text QA

25. xml:tm xml source text Publishing Translator extract Extracted text tm process Prepared text Translate xml target text merge Web perfect matching leveraged matching Automatic Process Web service/ interface QA Automatic Process xml:tm Translation Scenario

26. xml:tm benefits Enterprise level scalability Totally integrated within the XML framework Source text is automatically extracted and matched Word counts are controlled by the customer Text can be presented for translation via the web Online composition The most up to date translation is held by the customer Data is merged automatically at end of translation cycle All memory operations are totally automated Can be used transparently for relay translations Much cheaper to run More accurate – better matching xml:tm

27. Fully specified XML based standard: –http://www.xml-intl.com/docs/specification/ xml-tm.html Maintained by xml-intl.com –http://www.xml-intl.com/dtd/tm.dtd –http://www.xml-intl.com/dtd/tm.xsd Detailed article on www.xml.com Offered for consideration as a Lisa standard xml:tm

28. Any questions? xml:tm