1. Spain

2. Key Ruler King Philip II Ruled Spain from 1556 - 1598
From the House of Hapsburg

3. King Philip II
Lived 1527 – 1598
Son of Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire and Isabella of Portugal
Married four times: Maria of Portugal, Mary I of England, Elizabeth of Valois, and Anna of Austria
Began political training under Charles V in 1541
Previously Duke of Malian (1540)
Inherited the throne

4. Significant Accomplishments
Truce of Vaucelles: ended Hapsburg-Valois conflict
Ended Protestant uprisings
Battle of St. Quentin victory
Peace of Cateau-Cambresis: French-Spanish agreement over Italy
Defeats Turkish navy
Combines Spain and Portugal crowns
Creates El Escorial
Spanish Empire and New World

5. Significant Failures Philip II of Spain Vs. Queen Elizabeth of England
Elizabeth joins Dutch against Spain
Strongest of his protestant enemies
Philip II sends Armada
Significant defeat in 1588
Marks the decline of the Spanish empire
Revolt in the Netherlands
Philip II pursues Catholicism in Europe
Protestant revolt in Netherlands
Loses 7/10 of his Dutch Provinces

6. Centralized Power in the Spanish Empire
Philip expanded Spain under absolute rule
King of Spain and Portugal
Duke of Milan
Ruler of Sardinia, Fanche-comte, and Netherlands

7. Major Control of Military
Spanish Armada largest of its time
Powerful enough to conquer Portugal