1. IVAN THE TERRIBLE -Hated nobles-repressed them -champion for the poor First Russian Tsar -Tsar @16 -Modernized country -Revised law code -

2. Oprichniki- secret police  -Execution  -Confiscation of lands

3. LEGACY - Expanded Russia’s borders -small medieval state-  billion acre empire -Military

5. ELIZABETH “greatest monarch of England?” -English renaissance (increase literacy) -Acquired land overseas (age of expoloration) -good and wise ruler -defeated Spanish Armada

7. CHARLES I imposed taxes on his own (without parliament) Tried to create uniform religion Created civil war when he arrested his political opponents Publicly beheaded

8. PETER THE GREAT -created strong navy -Admired the West (France, England) -acquired territory (Latvia, Finland, Sweden) -est. St. Petersburg -high taxes- led to revolts -all classes of society- serve the state -women were not excluded from public life -started schools, changed alphabet.