1. Aim: How did Imperialism affect China’s development? Title: Causes & Effects of European Imperialism in China Do Now: Analyze the cartoon [see handout]. Answer Questions 1-4

2. Class Read-Aloud European Spheres of Influence Vocabulary- Opium War- began when Chinese officials tried to keep British ships from bringing the addictive drug into China Treaty of Nanking- gave Britain right to Hong Kong, right to set tariffs, and British subjects could live in China under British law Taiping Rebellion- Widespread economic discontent and unpopularity Sphere of Influence- exclusive trading rights Boxers/ Boxer Rebellion- secret societies to expel all foreigners

3. 3 Ming Foreign Policy Attitudes toward trade – – wanted to be self-sufficient; – refused to rely on foreign trade The northern frontier – – strengthened Great Wall of China – chose frontier defense over trade and sea travel Section 1: The Ming and Qing Dynasties

4. The Ming Dynasty The Ming Dynasty re-conquered China from the Mongols in 1368. This dynasty created the Grand Fleet, the largest navy in the world then. Compare the size of the “Grand Fleet” ship to Columbus’ small Santa Maria. Admiral Cheng Ho’s Grand Fleet - explored the Indian Ocean, - traded with lands in Africa and Asia, - brought treasures back to China. The Grand Fleet had much larger ships than Europeans had!

5. Period of Isolation Later, during the Ming, China chose to isolate itself. - China withdrew from the rest of the world. Foreigners were banned. - The Grand Fleet was not allowed to sail and was not maintained, so China lost its advantage over European ships and did not see that Europeans were sailing toward Asia. - This was a turning point in Chinese history. China lost its chance to stop Europe’s expansion into Asia. Europe China Indian Ocean Africa Asia

6. Chinese History 1644 – conquered by Manchus or Qing Dynasty – “Foreigners/aliens” from north of China – modern- day, Manchuria. – Qing [pronounced: CHING] dynasty – Chinese forced to wear pigtails (sign of subservient status). 18 th century – Manchus began restricting Europeans – missionaries and traders

7. 7 Founding the Qing Dynasty Nurhachi unified tribes in Manchu Adopted Chinese culture – Emperor Hsuan Yeh Kept Manchu people separate and distinct from Chinese Section 1: The Ming and Qing Dynasties

8. 8 The Queue The Qing rulers had all men keep their hair in a queue or tail. This was Manchurian Style Showed obedience to the Manchurians, by the Chinese The Ming and Qing Dynasties Section 1: